Ambient conditions prevailing during hail events in central Europe

Around 26 000 severe convective storm tracks between 2005 and 2014 have been estimated from 2D radar reflectivity for parts of Europe, including Germany, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. This event set was further combined with eyewitness reports, environmental conditions, and synoptic-scale fronts...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Natural hazards and earth system sciences 2020-07, Vol.20 (6), p.1867-1887
Main Authors: Kunz, Michael, Wandel, Jan, Fluck, Elody, Baumstark, Sven, Mohr, Susanna, Schemm, Sebastian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cold
Convection
Convective storms
Environmental conditions
Fronts
Hail
Hailstones
Hailstorms
Helicity
Lapse rate
Radar
Radar reflectivity
Reflectance
Severe thunderstorms
Storm damage
Storm tracks
Storms
Studies
Thunderstorms
Wind shear
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Summary:Around 26 000 severe convective storm tracks between 2005 and 2014 have been estimated from 2D radar reflectivity for parts of Europe, including Germany, France, Belgium, and Luxembourg. This event set was further combined with eyewitness reports, environmental conditions, and synoptic-scale fronts based on the ERA-Interim (ECMWF Reanalysis) reanalysis. Our analyses reveal that on average about a quarter of all severe thunderstorms in the investigation area were associated with a front. Over complex terrains, such as in southern Germany, the proportion of frontal convective storms is around 10 %-15 %, while over flat terrain half of the events require a front to trigger convection.
ISSN:1684-9981
1561-8633
1684-9981
DOI:10.5194/nhess-20-1867-2020