Effect of Membrane Surface Area on Solute Removal Performance of Dialyzers with Fouling

In a clinical situation, since membrane fouling often causes the reduction of solute removal performance of the dialyzer, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the dialyzer, considering the effects of fouling even in aqueous in vitro experiments that are useful for the better design of dial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Membranes (Basel) 2022-07, Vol.12 (7), p.684
Main Authors: Kiguchi, Takayoshi, Ito, Hiromi, Yamashita, Akihiro C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Albumins
Caustic soda
Creatinine
Dialysate
Dialysis
Dialyzers
Experiments
Filtration
Fouling
Hemodialysis
internal filtration
Laboratories
Mathematical models
membrane fouling
Membrane processes
membrane surface area
Membranes
Modules
packing density of hollow fiber
Performance evaluation
Permeability
Potassium
Pressure distribution
Proteins
Solutes
Surface area
Vitamin B12
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Summary:In a clinical situation, since membrane fouling often causes the reduction of solute removal performance of the dialyzer, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of the dialyzer, considering the effects of fouling even in aqueous in vitro experiments that are useful for the better design of dialyzers. We replicated the membrane fouling by immobilizing albumin on the membrane in a dialyzer using glutaraldehyde as a stabilizer. The modules of various membrane surface areas with and without replication of the fouling were used for performance evaluation of solute (creatinine, vitamin B12, and inulin) removal in dialysis experiments in vitro. Clearances for these solutes in the modules with fouling were lower than those without fouling. Furthermore, the smaller the surface area, the larger the fouling effect was observed in all solutes. Calculated pressure distribution in a module by using a mathematical model showed that the solute removal performance might be greatly affected by the rate of internal filtration that enhances the solute removal, especially for larger solutes. The increase in the rate of internal filtration should contribute to improving the solute removal performance of the dialyzer, with a higher effect in modules with a larger membrane surface area.
ISSN:2077-0375
2077-0375
DOI:10.3390/membranes12070684