Development of a High Min-Entropy Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Amplified Spontaneous Emission

We present the theory, architecture, and performance characteristics of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which operates in a PCI express form factor-compatible plug-and-play design. The QRNG relies on a thermal light source (in this case, amplified spontaneous emission), which exhibits photo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-04, Vol.25 (5), p.731
Main Authors: Duda, Charlotte K, Meier, Kristina A, Newell, Raymond T
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amplification
amplified spontaneous emission
Analysis
Bandwidths
CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS
Design factors
Digitization
Entropy
Entropy (Information theory)
Experiments
Field programmable gate arrays
Form factors
Innovations
Libraries
Light sources
Methods
min-entropy
Quantum computing
Quantum physics
quantum random number generator
Random number generators
Random numbers
Sensors
Spontaneous emission
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Summary:We present the theory, architecture, and performance characteristics of a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which operates in a PCI express form factor-compatible plug-and-play design. The QRNG relies on a thermal light source (in this case, amplified spontaneous emission), which exhibits photon bunching according to the Bose-Einstein (BE) statistics. We demonstrate that 98.7% of the unprocessed random bit stream min-entropy is traceable to the BE (quantum) signal. The classical component is then removed using a non-reuse shift-XOR protocol, and the final random numbers are generated at a 200 Mbps rate and shown to pass the statistical randomness test suites FIPS 140-2, Alphabit, SmallCrush, DIEHARD, and Rabbit of the TestU01 library.
ISSN:1099-4300
1099-4300
DOI:10.3390/e25050731