Immune Conversion of Tumor Microenvironment by Oncolytic Viruses: The Protoparvovirus H-1PV Case Study

Cancer cells utilize multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress anticancer immune responses creating a "cold" immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach to revert tumor immunosuppression and enhance the efficacy of other forms of immu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2019-08, Vol.10, p.1848-1848
Main Authors: Marchini, Antonio, Daeffler, Laurent, Pozdeev, Vitaly I, Angelova, Assia, Rommelaere, Jean
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological Physics
combination therapy
H-1PV
immunogenic cell death
Immunology
immunotherapy
oncolytic viruses
Physics
tumor microenvironment
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Summary:Cancer cells utilize multiple mechanisms to evade and suppress anticancer immune responses creating a "cold" immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Oncolytic virotherapy is emerging as a promising approach to revert tumor immunosuppression and enhance the efficacy of other forms of immunotherapy. Growing evidence indicates that oncolytic viruses (OVs) act in a multimodal fashion, inducing immunogenic cell death and thereby eliciting robust anticancer immune responses. In this review, we summarize information about OV-mediated immune conversion of the tumor microenvironment. As a case study we focus on the rodent protoparvovirus H-1PV and its dual role as an oncolytic and immune modulatory agent. Potential strategies to improve H-1PV anticancer efficacy are also discussed.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01848