Periodontitis and osteoporosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis

• Published in: Brazilian journal of medical and biological research 2024-01, Vol.57, p.e12951-e12951
• Main Authors: Wu, Jiale, Yao, Lihui, Liu, Yuchen, Zhang, ShuaiShuai, Wang, Kan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: BIOLOGY; Causal association; Complications and side effects; Genetic aspects; Genetic diversity; Genetics; Gum disease; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL; Mendelian randomization; Osteoporosis; Periodontitis; Risk factors; Sensitivity analysis; Single nucleotide polymorphisms; Single-nucleotide polymorphism; Statistics
• ISSN: 0100-879X; 1414-431X; 1414-431X; 1678-4510
• DOI: 10.1590/1414-431X2024e12951

The incidences of periodontitis and osteoporosis are rising worldwide. Observational studies have shown that periodontitis is associated with increased risk of osteoporosis. We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to genetically investigate the causality of periodontitis on osteoporosis. We explored the causal effect of periodontitis on osteoporosis by MR analysis. A total of 9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were related to periodontitis. The primary approach in this MR analysis was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method. Simple median, weighted median, and penalized weighted median were used to analyze sensitivity. The fixed-effect IVW model and random-effect IVW model showed no significant causal effect of genetically predicted periodontitis on the risk of osteoporosis (OR=1.032; 95%CI: 0.923-1.153; P=0.574; OR=1.032; 95%CI: 0.920-1.158; P=0.588, respectively). Similar results were observed in simple mode (OR=1.031; 95%CI: 0.780-1.361, P=0.835), weighted mode (OR=1.120; 95%CI: 0.944-1.328, P=0.229), simple median (OR=1.003; 95%CI: 0.839-1.197, P=0.977), weighted median (OR=1.078; 95%CI: 0.921-1.262, P=0.346), penalized weight median (OR 1.078; 95%CI: 0.919-1.264, P=0.351), and MR-Egger method (OR=1.360; 95%CI: 0.998-1.853, P=0.092). There was no heterogeneity in the IVW and MR-Egger analyses (Q=7.454, P=0.489 and Q=3.901, P=0.791, respectively). MR-Egger regression revealed no evidence of a pleiotropic influence through genetic variants (intercept: -0.004; P=0.101). The leave-one-out sensitivity analysis indicated no driven influence of any individual SNP on the association between periodontitis and osteoporosis. The Mendelian randomization analysis did not show a significant detrimental effect of periodontitis on the risk of osteoporosis.