Low skeletal muscle mass and treatment outcomes among adults with haematologic malignancies: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Background Low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) and/or, function associated with an increased risk of treatment‐related toxicities and inferior overall survival (OS) among adults with solid malignancies. However, the association between LSMM and treatment‐related toxicities among adults with haematologic...

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Published in:Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle sarcopenia and muscle, 2024-06, Vol.15 (3), p.1084-1093
Main Authors: Anabtawi, Nadia M., Pasala, Monica Sai, Grimshaw, Alyssa A., Kharel, Prakash, Bal, Susan, Godby, Kelly, Siwakoti, Ashmita, Buford, Thomas W., Bhatia, Smita, Costa, Luciano J., Williams, Grant R., Giri, Smith
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adverse outcomes
Blood cancer
Cancer
Clinical outcomes
Clinical significance
Content analysis
Librarians
Meta-analysis
Mortality
Muscle function
Muscle mass
Musculoskeletal system
Original
Prognostication
Sarcopenia
Systematic review
Tomography
Toxicities
Tumors
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Summary:Background Low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM) and/or, function associated with an increased risk of treatment‐related toxicities and inferior overall survival (OS) among adults with solid malignancies. However, the association between LSMM and treatment‐related toxicities among adults with haematologic malignancies remains unclear. Methods Using a pre‐published protocol (CRD42020197814), we searched seven bibliographic databases from inception to 08/2021 for studies reporting the impact of LSMM among adults ≥18 years with a known haematologic malignancy. The primary outcome of interest was OS, and secondary outcomes included progression free survival (PFS) and non‐relapse mortality (NRM). These effect sizes were quantified in terms of hazards ratio (HR) along with 95% confidence interval (CI) and pooled across studies using a DerSimonian–Laird random‐effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran's Q and the I2 statistic. All hypothesis testing was two‐sided with an alpha of 0.05. Results Of 3791 studies screened, we identified 20 studies involving 3468 patients with a mean age of 60 years; 44% were female and the most common malignancy was diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (42%). Most studies measured muscle mass using single slice computed tomography imaging at the L3 level. The presence of LSMM was associated with worse OS (pooled HR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.48–2.22, P 
ISSN:2190-5991
2190-6009
2190-6009
DOI:10.1002/jcsm.13446