PRDX1 exerts a photoprotection effect by inhibiting oxidative stress and regulating MAPK signaling on retinal pigment epithelium

• Published in: BMC ophthalmology 2024-06, Vol.24 (1), p.237-9
• Main Authors: Wen, Xiao-Ying, Yang, Na, Gao, Yang, Ma, Wei-Na, Fu, Yan, Geng, Ren-Fei, Zhang, Yue-Ling
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine - metabolism; 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine; Apoptosis; Blotting, Western; Cell culture; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cell viability; Cells, Cultured; Dehydrogenases; Deoxyguanosine; Epithelium; Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Flow cytometry; Fluorides; Glutathione peroxidase; Humans; Kinases; L-Lactate dehydrogenase; Macular degeneration; MAP kinase; MAP Kinase Signaling System - physiology; Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway; Mitogens; Molecular modelling; Oxidative Stress; Peroxiredoxin; Peroxiredoxin 1; Peroxiredoxins - metabolism; Photoprotection; Polymerase chain reaction; Protein kinases; Proteins; Radiation; Reactive oxygen species; Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism; Retina; Retinal pigment epithelium; Retinal Pigment Epithelium - metabolism; Retinal Pigment Epithelium - radiation effects; Reverse transcription; Signal Transduction; Software; Statistical analysis; Superoxide; Superoxide dismutase; Ultraviolet radiation; Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects; Western blotting
• ISSN: 1471-2415; 1471-2415
• DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03489-4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the photoprotection effect of peroxiredoxin 1 (PRDX1) protein in ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced damage of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and its possible molecular mechanism. ARPE-19 cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the PRDX1 expression. The corresponding kits were employed to measure the levels or activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD). Western blotting was applied to examine PRDX1 expression and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway-related proteins. After exposure to 20 mJ/cm intensity of UVB irradiation for 24 h, ARPE-19 cells viability was decreased, the leakage degree of LDH and 8-OHdG were increased, and cell apoptosis was elevated. The expression of PRDX1 was significantly down-regulated in UVB-induced ARPE-19 cells. The low expression of PRDX1 was involved in high irradiation intensity. Overexpression of PRDX1 increased cell activity, decreased cell apoptosis, and LDH as well as 8-OHdG leakage in UVB-induced ARPE-19 cells. In addition to alleviating UVB-induced cell damage, PRDX1 overexpression also inhibited UVB-induced oxidative stress (down-regulation of ROS and MDA levels, up-regulation of GSH-Px and SOD activities) and the activation of MAPK signaling pathway in ARPE-19 cells. PRDX1 exerts a photoprotection effect on RPE by attenuating UVB-induced cell damage and inhibiting oxidative stress, which can be attributed to the inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway activation.