Recent insights into eukaryotic translation initiation factors 5A1 and 5A2 and their roles in human health and disease

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A1 (eIF5A1) and its homolog eIF5A2 are the only two human proteins containing the unique post-translational modification-hypusination, which is essential for the function of these two proteins. eIF5A1 was initially identified as a translation initiation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer cell international 2020-04, Vol.20 (1), p.142-142, Article 142
Main Authors: Wu, Gao-Qi, Xu, Yan-Ming, Lau, Andy T Y
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Binding sites
Cancer
Crystallography
Diabetes mellitus
DNA methylation
eIF5A1
eIF5A2
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor
Genes
Human cancers
Hypoxia
Hypusination
Initiation factors
Localization
Peptides
Post-translation
Post-translational modifications
Proteins
Review
Translation elongation
Tumor suppressor genes
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Summary:The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A1 (eIF5A1) and its homolog eIF5A2 are the only two human proteins containing the unique post-translational modification-hypusination, which is essential for the function of these two proteins. eIF5A1 was initially identified as a translation initiation factor by promoting the first peptide bond formation of protein during translation; however, recent results suggest that eIF5A1 also functions as a translation elongation factor. It has been shown that eIF5A1 is implicated in certain human diseases, including diabetes, several human cancer types, viral infections and diseases of neural system. Meanwhile, eIF5A2 is overexpressed in many cancers, and plays an important role in the development and progression of cancers. As multiple roles of these two factors were observed among these studies, therefore, it remains unclear whether they act as oncogene or tumor suppressor. In this review, the recent literature of eIF5As and their roles in human diseases, especially in human cancers, will be discussed.
ISSN:1475-2867
1475-2867
DOI:10.1186/s12935-020-01226-7