Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signalling and Its Impact on Platelet Function, Thrombosis, and Haemostasis

Platelets are anucleated blood cells that participate in a wide range of physiological and pathological functions. Their major role is mediating haemostasis and thrombosis. In addition to these classic functions, platelets have emerged as important players in the innate immune system. In particular,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mediators of inflammation 2017-01, Vol.2017 (2017), p.1-13
Main Authors: Widera, Darius, Williams, Harry F., Zeuner, Marie-Theres, Vallance, Thomas, Vaiyapuri, Sakthivel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigens
Blood clot
Blood clots
Blood platelets
Blood Platelets - metabolism
Cellular signal transduction
Gram-negative bacteria
Health aspects
Heat shock proteins
Hemostasis - physiology
Humans
Immune system
Inflammation
Innate immunity
Leukocytes
Ligands
Lipopolysaccharides
MyD88 protein
Physiological aspects
Platelets
Review
Sepsis
Signal transduction
Signal Transduction - physiology
Thrombosis
Thrombosis - metabolism
TLR4 protein
Toll-Like Receptor 4 - metabolism
Toll-like receptors
Transcription activation
Transcription factors
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Platelets are anucleated blood cells that participate in a wide range of physiological and pathological functions. Their major role is mediating haemostasis and thrombosis. In addition to these classic functions, platelets have emerged as important players in the innate immune system. In particular, they interact with leukocytes, secrete pro- and anti-inflammatory factors, and express a wide range of inflammatory receptors including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), for example, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). TLR4, which is the most extensively studied TLR in nucleated cells, recognises lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that are compounds of the outer surface of Gram-negative bacteria. Unlike other TLRs, TLR4 is able to signal through both the MyD88-dependent and MyD88-independent signalling pathways. Notably, despite both pathways culminating in the activation of transcription factors, TLR4 has a prominent functional impact on platelet activity, haemostasis, and thrombosis. In this review, we summarise the current knowledge on TLR4 signalling in platelets, critically discuss its impact on platelet function, and highlight the open questions in this area.
ISSN:0962-9351
1466-1861
DOI:10.1155/2017/9605894