Statistically Optimum HKUST-1 Synthesized by Room Temperature Coordination Modulation Method for the Adsorption of Crystal Violet Dye

Due to its excellency and versatility, many synthesis methods and conditions were developed to produce HKUST-1 ([Cu (BTC) (H O) ] ). However, the diversity of HKUST-1 was actually generated both in terms of characteristics and morphologies. Hence, the consistency of HKUST-1 characteristics and morph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-10, Vol.26 (21), p.6430
Main Authors: Wijaya, Christian J, Ismadji, Suryadi, Aparamarta, Hakun W, Gunawan, Setiyo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Acids
Adsorption
Coordination
coordination modulation synthesis
dye adsorption
Dyes
Energy consumption
Experiments
Gentian violet
healthy
HKUST-1
Ligands
Metal concentrations
metal-organic frameworks
Methods
Morphology
Optimization
Porous materials
Reaction time
Response surface methodology
Room temperature
Software
Solvents
Statistical analysis
Statistics
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Summary:Due to its excellency and versatility, many synthesis methods and conditions were developed to produce HKUST-1 ([Cu (BTC) (H O) ] ). However, the diversity of HKUST-1 was actually generated both in terms of characteristics and morphologies. Hence, the consistency of HKUST-1 characteristics and morphologies needs to be maintained. The statistical analysis and optimization provide features to determine the best synthesis condition. Here, a room-temperature coordination modulation method was proposed to maintain the morphology of HKUST-1 while reducing energy consumption. In addition, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to demonstrate the statistical analysis and optimization of the synthesis of HKUST-1. The molar ratio of ligand to metal, reaction time, and acetic acid concentration were studied to determine their effects on HKUST-1. The optimum HKUST-1 was obtained by the synthesis with a molar ratio of ligand to metal of 0.4703 for 27.2 h using 5% / acetic acid concentration. The statistical analysis performed a good agreement with the experimental data and showed the significance of three desired parameters on HKUST-1. The optimum HKUST-1 had the adsorption capacity of 1005.22 mg/g with a removal efficiency of 92.31% towards CV dye. It could be reused up to 5 cycles with insignificant decrease in performance.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules26216430