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The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers
Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean d...
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Published in: | Nutrients 2024-04, Vol.16 (7), p.1082 |
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creator | Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio Marina Arroyo, Marta López-González, Ángel Arturo Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila Vallejos, Daniela Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio |
description | Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean diet can be an important part in the treatment of these diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a program that aims to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet on the improvement of different cardiometabolic risk parameters.
A prospective intervention study was carried out on 7034 Spanish workers. Prior to the intervention, 22 cardiometabolic risk scales were evaluated. Participants in this study were informed both orally and in writing of the characteristics and benefits of the Mediterranean diet and were given the website of the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare of Spain, which provides advice on nutrition. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was reinforced by sending a monthly SMS to their mobile phones. After six months of follow-up, the 22 risk scales were re-evaluated to assess changes. Means and standard deviations were calculated using Student's
test to analyse quantitative variables. Prevalence was calculated using the Chi-square test when the variables were qualitative.
All the cardiometabolic risk scales studied decreased after implementing a program to improve and enhance adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of losses in the sample was very low, standing at 4.31%.
The Mediterranean diet is effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk scales evaluated. The mean values and prevalence of high values of the different cardiometabolic risk scales analysed led to lower values after the implementation of the program to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We observed a significant positive difference in metabolic age in both sexes. We have obtained a significant improvement in the insulin resistance index, especially in the SPISE-IR index, data that we have not found in previous publications. Easy access to the Internet and new information and communication technologies facilitate adherence to a diet and can reduce the number of losses. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3390/nu16071082 |
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A prospective intervention study was carried out on 7034 Spanish workers. Prior to the intervention, 22 cardiometabolic risk scales were evaluated. Participants in this study were informed both orally and in writing of the characteristics and benefits of the Mediterranean diet and were given the website of the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare of Spain, which provides advice on nutrition. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was reinforced by sending a monthly SMS to their mobile phones. After six months of follow-up, the 22 risk scales were re-evaluated to assess changes. Means and standard deviations were calculated using Student's
test to analyse quantitative variables. Prevalence was calculated using the Chi-square test when the variables were qualitative.
All the cardiometabolic risk scales studied decreased after implementing a program to improve and enhance adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of losses in the sample was very low, standing at 4.31%.
The Mediterranean diet is effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk scales evaluated. The mean values and prevalence of high values of the different cardiometabolic risk scales analysed led to lower values after the implementation of the program to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We observed a significant positive difference in metabolic age in both sexes. We have obtained a significant improvement in the insulin resistance index, especially in the SPISE-IR index, data that we have not found in previous publications. Easy access to the Internet and new information and communication technologies facilitate adherence to a diet and can reduce the number of losses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2072-6643</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/nu16071082</identifier><identifier>PMID: 38613115</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Switzerland: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Abdomen ; Blood pressure ; cardiometabolic index ; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control ; Care and treatment ; Cell Phone ; Cholesterol ; Diabetes ; Diet ; Diet, Mediterranean ; Epidemiology ; Exercise ; Female ; Head ; Health aspects ; Health care expenditures ; Health services ; High density lipoprotein ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Insulin resistance ; Lipids ; Male ; Measurement techniques ; Medical research ; Medicine, Experimental ; Mediterranean diet ; Metabolic disorders ; mobile SMS ; Mortality ; Obesity ; Occupational health ; Prospective Studies ; Risk factors ; Statistical analysis ; Triglycerides ; Type 2 diabetes ; Weight control ; Womens health ; Workers</subject><ispartof>Nutrients, 2024-04, Vol.16 (7), p.1082</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 MDPI AG</rights><rights>2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-b465e89a6048d3eba34c9c36e4adcecec6eb8ae7c91a205ff57e86e6dc40ecea3</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-3071-5897 ; 0000-0001-6887-4562 ; 0000-0002-7439-8117 ; 0009-0003-4306-2447</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3037573217/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/3037573217?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,75126</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38613115$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marina Arroyo, Marta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-González, Ángel Arturo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vallejos, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio</creatorcontrib><title>The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers</title><title>Nutrients</title><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><description>Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean diet can be an important part in the treatment of these diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a program that aims to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet on the improvement of different cardiometabolic risk parameters.
A prospective intervention study was carried out on 7034 Spanish workers. Prior to the intervention, 22 cardiometabolic risk scales were evaluated. Participants in this study were informed both orally and in writing of the characteristics and benefits of the Mediterranean diet and were given the website of the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare of Spain, which provides advice on nutrition. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was reinforced by sending a monthly SMS to their mobile phones. After six months of follow-up, the 22 risk scales were re-evaluated to assess changes. Means and standard deviations were calculated using Student's
test to analyse quantitative variables. Prevalence was calculated using the Chi-square test when the variables were qualitative.
All the cardiometabolic risk scales studied decreased after implementing a program to improve and enhance adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of losses in the sample was very low, standing at 4.31%.
The Mediterranean diet is effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk scales evaluated. The mean values and prevalence of high values of the different cardiometabolic risk scales analysed led to lower values after the implementation of the program to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We observed a significant positive difference in metabolic age in both sexes. We have obtained a significant improvement in the insulin resistance index, especially in the SPISE-IR index, data that we have not found in previous publications. Easy access to the Internet and new information and communication technologies facilitate adherence to a diet and can reduce the number of losses.</description><subject>Abdomen</subject><subject>Blood pressure</subject><subject>cardiometabolic index</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Cell Phone</subject><subject>Cholesterol</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Diet, Mediterranean</subject><subject>Epidemiology</subject><subject>Exercise</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Head</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Health care expenditures</subject><subject>Health services</subject><subject>High density lipoprotein</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypertension</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Lipids</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Measurement techniques</subject><subject>Medical research</subject><subject>Medicine, Experimental</subject><subject>Mediterranean diet</subject><subject>Metabolic disorders</subject><subject>mobile SMS</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Occupational health</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>Statistical analysis</subject><subject>Triglycerides</subject><subject>Type 2 diabetes</subject><subject>Weight control</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><subject>Workers</subject><issn>2072-6643</issn><issn>2072-6643</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2024</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNptkt9rFDEQxxdRbKl98Q-QgC8iXE022fx4PM6qBxULVnwMs8nsXc7bzZnsCoJ_vFmvtipmHhK--cw3mWGq6imjF5wb-mqYmKSKUV0_qE5rquqFlII__ON8Up3nvKPzUlRJ_rg64VoyzlhzWv242SK57Dp0I4kdAXKd4iZBT8ZI1v0hxW9Iln6LCQeHszgW_j36MGJKMCAM5HXAkjuQFSQfYo8jtHEfHLmG4oOFyyQMRFEuyMcDDCFvyeeYvhT9SfWog33G89v9rPr05vJm9W5x9eHterW8Wjgh-LhohWxQG5BUaM-xBS6ccVyiAO-whMRWAypnGNS06bpGoZYovRO0XAM_q9ZHXx9hZw8p9JC-2wjB_hJi2lhIY3B7tC310ntqPGglWtdqQ4tJaxrFpHFGFK8XR6_Sm68T5tH2ITvc70sz4pQtp1wLLmmjC_r8H3QXpzSUSmdKNYrXTN1TGyjvh6GLYwI3m9qlMpSWihgt1MV_qBIe--DigF0o-l8JL48JLsWcE3Z3dTNq58mx95NT4Ge3P53aHv0d-ntO-E-GaLuw</recordid><startdate>20240407</startdate><enddate>20240407</enddate><creator>Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio</creator><creator>Marina Arroyo, Marta</creator><creator>López-González, Ángel Arturo</creator><creator>Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila</creator><creator>Vallejos, Daniela</creator><creator>Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás</creator><creator>Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>DOA</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-5897</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-4562</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-8117</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4306-2447</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20240407</creationdate><title>The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers</title><author>Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio ; Marina Arroyo, Marta ; López-González, Ángel Arturo ; Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila ; Vallejos, Daniela ; Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás ; Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-b465e89a6048d3eba34c9c36e4adcecec6eb8ae7c91a205ff57e86e6dc40ecea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2024</creationdate><topic>Abdomen</topic><topic>Blood pressure</topic><topic>cardiometabolic index</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Cell Phone</topic><topic>Cholesterol</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Diet, Mediterranean</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Exercise</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Head</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Health care expenditures</topic><topic>Health services</topic><topic>High density lipoprotein</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypertension</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Lipids</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Measurement techniques</topic><topic>Medical research</topic><topic>Medicine, Experimental</topic><topic>Mediterranean diet</topic><topic>Metabolic disorders</topic><topic>mobile SMS</topic><topic>Mortality</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Occupational health</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>Statistical analysis</topic><topic>Triglycerides</topic><topic>Type 2 diabetes</topic><topic>Weight control</topic><topic>Womens health</topic><topic>Workers</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marina Arroyo, Marta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>López-González, Ángel Arturo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vallejos, Daniela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>ProQuest_Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>PML(ProQuest Medical Library)</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ramírez Gallegos, Ignacio</au><au>Marina Arroyo, Marta</au><au>López-González, Ángel Arturo</au><au>Vicente-Herrero, Maria Teófila</au><au>Vallejos, Daniela</au><au>Sastre-Alzamora, Tomás</au><au>Ramírez-Manent, José Ignacio</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers</atitle><jtitle>Nutrients</jtitle><addtitle>Nutrients</addtitle><date>2024-04-07</date><risdate>2024</risdate><volume>16</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>1082</spage><pages>1082-</pages><issn>2072-6643</issn><eissn>2072-6643</eissn><abstract>Cardiovascular and metabolic diseases include a large group of pathologies and constitute one of the most serious chronic health problems facing the 21st century, with high rates of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unhealthy diets influence the development of these pathologies. The Mediterranean diet can be an important part in the treatment of these diseases. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a program that aims to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet on the improvement of different cardiometabolic risk parameters.
A prospective intervention study was carried out on 7034 Spanish workers. Prior to the intervention, 22 cardiometabolic risk scales were evaluated. Participants in this study were informed both orally and in writing of the characteristics and benefits of the Mediterranean diet and were given the website of the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare of Spain, which provides advice on nutrition. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was reinforced by sending a monthly SMS to their mobile phones. After six months of follow-up, the 22 risk scales were re-evaluated to assess changes. Means and standard deviations were calculated using Student's
test to analyse quantitative variables. Prevalence was calculated using the Chi-square test when the variables were qualitative.
All the cardiometabolic risk scales studied decreased after implementing a program to improve and enhance adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The number of losses in the sample was very low, standing at 4.31%.
The Mediterranean diet is effective in reducing all cardiovascular risk scales evaluated. The mean values and prevalence of high values of the different cardiometabolic risk scales analysed led to lower values after the implementation of the program to increase adherence to the Mediterranean diet. We observed a significant positive difference in metabolic age in both sexes. We have obtained a significant improvement in the insulin resistance index, especially in the SPISE-IR index, data that we have not found in previous publications. Easy access to the Internet and new information and communication technologies facilitate adherence to a diet and can reduce the number of losses.</abstract><cop>Switzerland</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>38613115</pmid><doi>10.3390/nu16071082</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3071-5897</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-4562</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7439-8117</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4306-2447</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Abdomen Blood pressure cardiometabolic index Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control Care and treatment Cell Phone Cholesterol Diabetes Diet Diet, Mediterranean Epidemiology Exercise Female Head Health aspects Health care expenditures Health services High density lipoprotein Humans Hypertension Insulin resistance Lipids Male Measurement techniques Medical research Medicine, Experimental Mediterranean diet Metabolic disorders mobile SMS Mortality Obesity Occupational health Prospective Studies Risk factors Statistical analysis Triglycerides Type 2 diabetes Weight control Womens health Workers |
title | The Effect of a Program to Improve Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet on Cardiometabolic Parameters in 7034 Spanish Workers |
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