The association between dietary inflammatory index with some cardio-metabolic risk indices among the patients with type 2 diabetes from Hoveyzeh cohort study: a cross-sectional study

• Published in: BMC endocrine disorders 2024-06, Vol.24 (1), p.91-12, Article 91
• Main Authors: Rahimlou, Mehran, Ahmadi, Amirhossein Ramezani, Cheraghian, Bahman, Baghdadi, Ghazal, Ghalishourani, Samira Sadat, Nozarian, Shadi, Hashemi, Seyed Jalal, Rahimi, Zahra, Jahromi, Nasrin Banaei, Hosseini, Seyed Ahmad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Arthritis; Beverages; Biomarkers; Blood glucose; Blood levels; Blood sugar; Body mass index; Body measurements; Body roundness index; Cardio-metabolic; Cardiometabolic Risk Factors; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Cereals; Chronic illnesses; Cohort analysis; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytokines; Dairy products; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Diet; Diet - adverse effects; Diet therapy; Dietary inflammatory index; Dietary intake; Exercise; Fasting; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Food; Food habits; Fruit; Glucose; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Informed consent; Laboratory testing; Legumes; Lipid accumulation product; Magnesium; Male; Medical research; Medicine, Experimental; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Obesity; Overweight; Potatoes; Prognosis; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Seafood; Triglycerides; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Type 2 diabetes; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Vitamin D; Vitamins
• ISSN: 1472-6823; 1472-6823
• DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01624-2

The dietary inflammatory index (DII) serves as a tool to assess the inflammatory impact of an individual's diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between DII and some cardio-metabolic risk indices among patients with T2DM. Data from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study, encompassing 2045 adults with T2DM, were analyzed. DII scores were calculated based on food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were performed to assess cardio-metabolic risk factors. Higher DII scores were positively associated with elevated triglyceride levels, triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body mass index (BMI), hip, waist circumferences (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (all P < 0.05). Notably, no significant association was observed between DII and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (P > 0.05). Additionally, dietary intake analysis revealed a negative correlation between DII scores and intake of fiber, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, seafood, dairy products, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E (all P < 0.05). Conversely, higher DII scores were associated with increased consumption of red meat, processed meat, refined cereals, potatoes, and soft drinks (all P < 0.05). This study underscores the critical link between dietary inflammation, assessed by the DII score, and a multitude of cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM. Notably, while the study did not find a significant association between DII and fasting blood sugar levels, it identified robust associations with novel anthropometric and biochemical indices indicative of cardio-metabolic risk. These findings highlight the potential of dietary interventions as a cornerstone strategy for managing T2DM and mitigating its associated complications.