Coupled Efficacy of Magneto-Electric Water Irrigation with Foliar Iron Fertilization for Spinach Growth

The lack of trace element iron has become a key factor restricting vegetable yield and quality improvement. To address the low production efficiency of water–fertilizer coupling in agricultural production, we used a combination of experimental research, theoretical analysis, and mathematical modelin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agronomy (Basel) 2024-07, Vol.14 (7), p.1482
Main Authors: Zheng, Ming, Sun, Yan, Wang, Quanjiu, Bai, Yungang, Mu, Weiyi, Zhang, Jianghui, Lu, Zhenlin, Wang, Jian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accumulation
Agricultural production
Analysis
Carbon
China
Crop yield
Crops
Experimental research
Fertilization
Fertilizer application
Fertilizers
grey correlation
Growth
Iron
iron fertilizer
Irrigation
Irrigation efficiency
Irrigation water
Leaves
magneto-electric
Mathematical models
Moisture content
Nitrogen
Potassium
productivity
Proteins
quality
Quality control
Rankings
Signal transduction
Soil water
Spinach
Sugar
Theoretical analysis
Trace elements
Transport properties
Vegetables
Water
Water resources
Water transport
Water use
Water use efficiency
yield
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Summary:The lack of trace element iron has become a key factor restricting vegetable yield and quality improvement. To address the low production efficiency of water–fertilizer coupling in agricultural production, we used a combination of experimental research, theoretical analysis, and mathematical modeling to systematically determine the effects of magneto-electric water irrigation with iron application on spinach growth and physiology, its yield and quality, and soil water transport characteristics. Compared with conventional water irrigation, under magneto-electric water irrigation, the water volume and applied iron concentration average increased the total accumulation of nitrogen, carbon, and iron in the aboveground part of spinach by 3.71%, 10.16%, and 14.14%, respectively, and the aboveground part of spinach had the highest total accumulation of nitrogen and carbon when irrigation water was 3300 m3 ha−1 and iron fertilizer application at 0.15%. Additionally, magneto-electric water irrigation increased spinach aboveground fresh weight and soluble sugar and protein content by an average of 13.34, 18.26, and 11.61%, respectively. Based on a comprehensive quantitative evaluation and analysis of aboveground nutrient accumulation in spinach, aboveground fresh weight, water use efficiency, and soluble sugar and protein content, we determined the optimal irrigation water and iron fertilizer application for spinach growth.
ISSN:2073-4395
2073-4395
DOI:10.3390/agronomy14071482