Ptk7 Is Dynamically Localized at Neural Crest Cell–Cell Contact Sites and Functions in Contact Inhibition of Locomotion

Neural crest (NC) cells are highly migratory cells that contribute to various vertebrate tissues, and whose migratory behaviors resemble cancer cell migration and invasion. Information exchange via dynamic NC cell–cell contact is one mechanism by which the directionality of migrating NC cells is con...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-09, Vol.22 (17), p.9324
Main Authors: Grund, Anita, Till, Katharina, Giehl, Klaudia, Borchers, Annette
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cancer
Cell adhesion & migration
cell invasion
Clonal deletion
Contact inhibition
Cytoplasm
Domains
dynamic cell–cell contacts
Ectopic expression
Embryos
Evolutionary conservation
Genotype & phenotype
Immunoglobulins
Kinases
Localization
Locomotion
Neural crest
neural crest migration
Protein-tyrosine kinase
Proteins
PTK7
Tumor cells
Tyrosine
Vertebrates
Wnt protein
Xenopus
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Summary:Neural crest (NC) cells are highly migratory cells that contribute to various vertebrate tissues, and whose migratory behaviors resemble cancer cell migration and invasion. Information exchange via dynamic NC cell–cell contact is one mechanism by which the directionality of migrating NC cells is controlled. One transmembrane protein that is most likely involved in this process is protein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7), an evolutionary conserved Wnt co-receptor that is expressed in cranial NC cells and several tumor cells. In Xenopus, Ptk7 is required for NC migration. In this study, we show that the Ptk7 protein is dynamically localized at cell–cell contact zones of migrating Xenopus NC cells and required for contact inhibition of locomotion (CIL). Using deletion constructs of Ptk7, we determined that the extracellular immunoglobulin domains of Ptk7 are important for its transient accumulation and that they mediate homophilic binding. Conversely, we found that ectopic expression of Ptk7 in non-NC cells was able to prevent NC cell invasion. However, deletion of the extracellular domains of Ptk7 abolished this effect. Thus, Ptk7 is sufficient at protecting non-NC tissue from NC cell invasion, suggesting a common role of PTK7 in contact inhibition, cell invasion, and tissue integrity.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22179324