Operating Characteristic Curves of Optical Packet-Switching Using Optical Code-Division Multiplexing for Label Switching

In this paper, the operating characteristic curves (OCCs) of optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) technology for label switching of an optical packet-switching (OPS) network was evaluated. A node structure for processing the packets, with spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC) labels, considering a ba...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photonics 2023-06, Vol.10 (6), p.613
Main Authors: Chen, Kai-Sheng, Pan, Chung-Lien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bandwidths
Codes
Congruences
Cross correlation
Decoding
Error correction
Hypotheses
Hypothesis testing
Labeling
Labels
Multiplexing
Network switches
Noise
Null hypothesis
operating characteristic curve (OCC)
optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM)
Optical packet switching
optical packet-switching (OPS)
Optical switching
spectral-amplitude coding (SAC)
Spectrum allocation
Technology application
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Summary:In this paper, the operating characteristic curves (OCCs) of optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) technology for label switching of an optical packet-switching (OPS) network was evaluated. A node structure for processing the packets, with spectral-amplitude-coding (SAC) labels, considering a balanced detector and an optical switch, was developed and modeled. The effects of decoding noises on the performance of both M-sequence and stuffed quadratic congruence (SQC) labeling systems were addressed. Hypothesis testing was applied to the decoder to investigate the results of label recognition. The null and alternative hypotheses were, respectively, defined as a decoder receiving the matching and mismatching labels. Due to the noise effects, the decoder output may not reflect the label status correctly. Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is true while accepting the alternative one. Type II error occurs when the alternative hypothesis is true while accepting the null one. Analytic equations of both errors were given, considering a desired packet that was missed and an undesired packet shown in a switched path. The trade-off between these two errors, regarding the decoder threshold, was demonstrated in operating characteristic curves (OCCs). A better OCC could be found when a packet had more labeled payload bits, or when the utilized label code had a lower auto-to-cross-correlation ratio.
ISSN:2304-6732
2304-6732
DOI:10.3390/photonics10060613