Endobronchial Lipoma: A Rare Cause of Bronchial Stenosis or Obstruction

Endobronchial lipoma (EL) is a rare benign tumor characterized by tracheobronchial smooth-surfaced mass, often resulting in bronchial obstruction without standard guidelines for management. This study seeks to clarify the clinical features and interventions of EL, aiming to improve its diagnosis and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian respiratory journal 2023-12, Vol.2023, p.2799436-8
Main Authors: Chen, Jian, Xin, Tao, Pan, Lei, Li, Yan, Qian, Weisheng, Wei, Jin, Yan, Yan, Wang, Yan, Jin, Faguang, Jiang, Hua
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Asthma
Bronchoscopy
Cardiomyopathy
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Complications and side effects
Connective tissue tumors
Consent
Cryotherapy
Dyspnea
Females
Fever
Hemoptysis
Hospitals
Hypertension
Intervention
Lung cancer
Medical research
Medicine, Experimental
Patients
Physiological aspects
Pneumonia
Surgery
Tuberculosis
Tumors
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Summary:Endobronchial lipoma (EL) is a rare benign tumor characterized by tracheobronchial smooth-surfaced mass, often resulting in bronchial obstruction without standard guidelines for management. This study seeks to clarify the clinical features and interventions of EL, aiming to improve its diagnosis and outcomes. A retrospective review was conducted on 28516 outpatients treated between January 2015 and December 2019 at the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University to collect patients diagnosed with EL. Their clinical, bronchoscopic, chest imaging, and histopathological features along with management were analyzed. Among the patients reviewed, nine were histopathologically diagnosed with EL, comprising seven males and two females. All EL patients exhibited noticeable symptoms, including cough (in eight patients), dyspnea (in six patients), fever (in three patients), expectoration (in two patients), chest pain (in two patients), hemoptysis (in one patient), and fatigue (in one patient). Chest CT abnormalities included endobronchial mass (in four patients), inflammatory exudation (in three patients), atelectasis (in three patients), and infiltration or consolidation (in two patients). In three patients, imaging showed fat density, directly leading to the diagnosis of EL. The EL lesions were distributed with six in the right lung and three in the left lung, all located within the first three subdivisions of the tracheobronchial tree. Treatment approaches varied, with one patient undergoing combined bronchoscopic resection and surgery. The remaining patients received bronchoscopic intervention such as electrosurgical snare resection, argon plasma coagulation (APC), cryotherapy, and holmium laser. Histopathological analysis confirmed the EL diagnosis. Finally, the mass removal restored bronchus patency. Taken together, EL symptoms lack specificity, necessitating reliance on histopathology for EL accurate diagnosis. Bronchoscopic interventions emerge as the preferred option for EL management, surpassing surgical approaches.
ISSN:1198-2241
1916-7245
DOI:10.1155/2023/2799436