Bioactivities and Microbial Quality of Lycium Fruits (Goji) Extracts Derived by Various Solvents and Green Extraction Methods

Goji berries, known for their health-promoting properties, are increasingly consumed around the world, often in the form of naturally- or freeze-dried fruits, further unprocessed. The aim of the study was to obtain dried goji berries extracts, characterized by high bioactivity and safety in terms of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-11, Vol.27 (22), p.7856
Main Authors: Rajkowska, Katarzyna, Simińska, Dorota, Kunicka-Styczyńska, Alina
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetone
antioxidant activity
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - pharmacology
Berries
bioactivity
Biological activity
Cardiovascular disease
Carotenoids
Carotenoids - pharmacology
Chinese medicine
Efficiency
Ethanol
Ethyl lactate
Food contamination
Fruit
Fruits
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
goji
green extraction
Health promotion
Ingredients
Lactic acid
Lycium
Macular degeneration
Methods
Microbial contamination
microbial safety
Microorganisms
Phytochemicals
Solvents
Sunflower oil
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasonic testing
Vegetable oils
Vitamin E
Water
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Summary:Goji berries, known for their health-promoting properties, are increasingly consumed around the world, often in the form of naturally- or freeze-dried fruits, further unprocessed. The aim of the study was to obtain dried goji berries extracts, characterized by high bioactivity and safety in terms of microbial contamination for the consumer. In the study, various solvents (water, ethanol, acetone, ethyl lactate, sunflower oil) and green extraction methods (heating and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)) were used. In goji extracts, antioxidant activity and carotenoids content as bioactivity indicators, as well as total number of microorganisms were determined. Boiling of powdered dried goji fruits in water resulted in extracts with the best features, i.e., with high antioxidant properties (2.75−4.06 μmol of Trolox equivalent (TE)/mL), moderate to high content of carotenoids (0.67−1.86 mg/mL), and a reduced number of microorganisms compared with fruits. Extracts in 50% ethanol and 50% acetone were characterized primarily by very high antioxidant activity (3.09−4.90 μmol TE/mL). The high content of carotenoids (0.98−3.79 mg/mL) and high microbial quality (
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules27227856