Current Situation and Prospect of Adoptive Cellular Immunotherapy for Malignancies

Adoptive cell immunotherapy (ACT) is an innovative promising treatment for tumors. ACT is characterized by the infusion of active anti-tumor immune cells (specific and non-specific) into patients to kill tumor cells either directly or indirectly by stimulating the body's immune system. The pati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 2023-01, Vol.22, p.15330338231204198-15330338231204198
Main Authors: Zhao, Dong, Zhu, Dantong, Cai, Fei, Jiang, Mingzhe, Liu, Xuefei, Li, Tingting, Zheng, Zhendong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigens
Cellular Therapies for Cancer: Progress and Challenges
Chimeric antigen receptors
Genetic engineering
Homing behavior
Humans
Immune response
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy, Adoptive - adverse effects
Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages
Malignancy
Neoplasms
Patients
Peripheral blood
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - genetics
Solid tumors
T cell receptors
T-Lymphocytes
Toxicity
Tumor cells
Tumors
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Summary:Adoptive cell immunotherapy (ACT) is an innovative promising treatment for tumors. ACT is characterized by the infusion of active anti-tumor immune cells (specific and non-specific) into patients to kill tumor cells either directly or indirectly by stimulating the body's immune system. The patient's (autologous) or a donor's (allogeneic) immune cells are used to improve immune function. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells (CAR-T) is a type of ACT that has gained attention. T cells from the peripheral blood are genetically engineered to express CARs that rapidly proliferate and specifically recognize target antigens to exert its anti-tumor effects. Clinical application of CAR-T therapy for hematological tumors has shown good results, but adverse reactions and recurrence limit its applicability. Tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy is effective for solid tumors. TIL therapy exhibits T cell receptor (TCR) clonality, superior tumor homing ability, and low targeted toxicity, but its successful application is limited to a number of tumors. Regardless, TIL and CAR-T therapies are effective for treating cancer. Additionally, CAR-natural killer (NK), CAR-macrophages (M), and TCR-T therapies are currently being researched. In this review, we highlight the current developments and limitations of several types of ACT.
ISSN:1533-0346
1533-0338
DOI:10.1177/15330338231204198