Role of Dietary Defatted Rice Bran in the Modulation of Gut Microbiota in AOM/DSS-Induced Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Rat Model

• Published in: Nutrients 2023-03, Vol.15 (6), p.1528
• Main Authors: Tajasuwan, Laleewan, Kettawan, Aikkarach, Rungruang, Thanaporn, Wunjuntuk, Kansuda, Prombutara, Pinidphon
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Animals; Azoxymethane; Bacteria; Bacteroidetes; Bioactive compounds; Causes of; Cecum; Cell proliferation; Citrobacter; Coliforms; Colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - complications; Colitis - microbiology; colitis-associated colorectal cancer; Colitis-Associated Neoplasms; Colon; Colorectal cancer; Colorectal carcinoma; Complications and side effects; Cytokines; defatted rice bran; Development and progression; Dextran; Dextran Sulfate - adverse effects; Dextrans; Diet; Diet therapy; Dietary fiber; Disease Models, Animal; Dysbacteriosis; Dysbiosis; Fatty acids; fiber-degrading bacteria; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; gut microbiota; Health aspects; Homeostasis; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; Intestinal microflora; Ligands; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microbiota; Mucus; Oryza; Prebiotics; Prevention; Rats; Rice bran; Risk factors; short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria; short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs); Sodium sulfate; Thickness; Tumorigenesis; Tumors
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu15061528

Defatted rice bran (DRB) is a by-product of rice bran derived after the oil extraction. DRB contains several bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber and phytochemicals. The supplementation with DRB manifests chemopreventive effects in terms of anti-chronic inflammation, anti-cell proliferation, and anti-tumorigenesis in the azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC) model in rats. However, little is known about its effect on gut microbiota. Herein, we investigated the effect of DRB on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, colonic goblet cell loss, and mucus layer thickness in the AOM/DSS-induced colitis-associated CRC rat model. The results suggested that DRB enhanced the production of beneficial bacteria ( , , , , ) and lessened the production of harmful bacteria ( , , , ) present in colonic feces, mucosa, and tumors. In addition, DRB also assisted the cecal SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) production. Furthermore, DRB restored goblet cell loss and improved the thickness of the mucus layer in colonic tissue. These findings suggested that DRB could be used as a prebiotic supplement to modulate gut microbiota dysbiosis, which decreases the risks of CRC, therefore encouraging further research on the utilization of DRB in various nutritional health products to promote the health-beneficial bacteria in the colon.