Unlocking the role of lactate: metabolic pathways, signaling, and gene regulation in postmitotic retinal cells

The Warburg effect, which was first described a century ago, asserts that mitotic tumor cells generate higher quantities of lactate. Intriguingly, even in typical physiological circumstances, postmitotic retinal photoreceptor cells also produce elevated levels of lactate. Initially classified as met...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers in ophthalmology 2023, Vol.3, p.1296624
Main Authors: Rajala, Raju V S, Rajala, Ammaji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
aerobic glycolysis
glycolysis
lactate
lactate dehydrogenase
Ophthalmology
photoreceptor cells
posttranslational modifications
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Summary:The Warburg effect, which was first described a century ago, asserts that mitotic tumor cells generate higher quantities of lactate. Intriguingly, even in typical physiological circumstances, postmitotic retinal photoreceptor cells also produce elevated levels of lactate. Initially classified as metabolic waste, lactate has since gained recognition as a significant intracellular signaling mediator and extracellular ligand. This current review endeavors to provide a concise overview and discourse on the following topics: the localization of lactate-producing enzymes, the functional significance of these enzymes, the signaling functions of lactate, and its impact on the gene expression of photoreceptors in retinal cells.
ISSN:2674-0826
2674-0826
DOI:10.3389/fopht.2023.1296624