Coriander response to nitrogen fertilizer sources in different competing levels of weeds

• Published in: Heliyon 2024-03, Vol.10 (5), p.e26816-e26816, Article e26816
• Main Authors: Alaei, Fatemeh, Maleki Farahani, Saeideh, Habibi, Hassan, Fotokian, Mohammad Hossein, Khodadadi, Mostafa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Fatty acid; N fertilizer; Oil content; Seed yield; Weed competitive
• ISSN: 2405-8440; 2405-8440
• DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26816

The competition of weeds with crops and nutrient management has a significant effect on the yield and economic efficiency of a country. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of sulfur-coated urea and common urea on the yield and fatty acid composition of three coriander genotypes (Nahavandi, Pishgam, Ethiopia) under weeded and unweeded conditions. Traits including 1000 seeds weight, fruit yield, content of oil, and composition of fatty acids were examined. Nitrogen fertilizer and weeding treatments significantly improved the weight of 1000 seeds and weeds decreased the yield of fruit. The highest fruit yield was obtained by the Ethiopia genotype in weed-free conditions. Results showed that N fertilizer increased the oil percentage of coriander fruit. Urea fertilizer resulted in the highest oil content in the Nahavandi and Pishgam genotypes under weeded plots in the first and second years, respectively. Also, petroselinic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major coriander fatty acid composition. Nahavandi genotype showed the highest palmitic acid. Also, urea in the weed condition led to increase the linoleic acid content in the Nahavandi genotype. Overall, results showed that N fertilizer, especially urea, improved the quality characteristics of coriander fruits. •Coriander Genotypes are important sources of oil.•Weed competition reduced the yield and oil of coriander.•N improved Coriander Genotypes performance in weeded plots.•Pishgam genotype had more oil content under different climatic conditions and management practices.