Magnetic Janssen effect

• Published in: Nature communications 2021-04, Vol.12 (1), p.2486-2486, Article 2486
• Main Authors: Thorens, L., Måløy, K. J., Bourgoin, M., Santucci, S.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 639/301/1023/303; 639/766/119/997; Beads; Condensed Matter; Ferromagnetism; Granular materials; Humanities and Social Sciences; Magnetic fields; Magnetism; multidisciplinary; Physics; Saturation; Science; Science (multidisciplinary)
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22722-y

A pile of grains, even when at rest in a silo, can display fascinating properties. One of the most celebrated is the Janssen effect, named after the pioneering engineer who explained the pressure saturation at the bottom of a container filled with corn. This surprising behavior arises because of frictional interactions between the grains through a disordered network of contacts, and the vessel lateral walls, which partially support the weight of the column, decreasing its apparent mass. Here, we demonstrate control over frictional interactions using ferromagnetic grains and an external magnetic field. We show that the anisotropic pairwise interactions between magnetized grains result in a radial force along the walls, whose amplitude and direction is fully determined by the applied magnetic field. Such magnetic Janssen effect allows for the fine tuning of the granular column apparent mass. Our findings pave the way towards the design of functional jammed materials in confined geometries, via a further control of both their static and dynamic properties. The Janssen effect refers to the saturation of the apparent mass of a column of granular material, due to friction with the boundary of the column. Here, using ferromagnetic beads, Thorens et al. succeed in controlling the apparent mass of the column via an applied magnetic field.