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Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity, and Feed Efficiency of Yaks (Bos grunniens)
The microbial community of the yak ( Bos grunniens ) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh Tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. A better understanding of rumen microbiot...
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Published in: | Frontiers in microbiology 2020-05, Vol.11, p.625-625 |
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container_title | Frontiers in microbiology |
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creator | Ahmad, Anum Ali Yang, Chao Zhang, Jianbo Kalwar, Qudratullah Liang, Zeyi Li, Chen Du, Mei Yan, Ping Long, Ruijun Han, Jianlin Ding, Xuezhi |
description | The microbial community of the yak (
Bos grunniens
) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh Tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. A better understanding of rumen microbiota under different feeding regimes is critical for exploiting the microbiota to enhance feed efficiency and growth performance. This study explored the impact of different dietary energy levels on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and abundance of volatile fatty acid (VFA) transporter transcripts in the rumen epithelium of yaks. Fifteen healthy castrated male yaks were divided into three groups and fed with low (YL), medium (YM), and high energy (YH) levels diet having different NEg of 5.5, 6.2, and 6.9 MJ/kg, respectively. The increase in feed efficiency was recorded with an increase in dietary energy levels. The increase in dietary energy levels decreased the pH and increased the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in yak rumens. The increase in the mRNA abundance of VFA transporter genes (
MCT1
,
DRA
,
PAT1
, and
AE2
) in the rumen epithelium of yaks was recorded as dietary energy level increased. High relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were recorded with the increase in dietary energy levels. Significant population shifts at the genus level were recorded among the three treatments. This study provides new insights into the dietary energy-derived variations in rumen microbial community. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00625 |
format | article |
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Bos grunniens
) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh Tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. A better understanding of rumen microbiota under different feeding regimes is critical for exploiting the microbiota to enhance feed efficiency and growth performance. This study explored the impact of different dietary energy levels on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and abundance of volatile fatty acid (VFA) transporter transcripts in the rumen epithelium of yaks. Fifteen healthy castrated male yaks were divided into three groups and fed with low (YL), medium (YM), and high energy (YH) levels diet having different NEg of 5.5, 6.2, and 6.9 MJ/kg, respectively. The increase in feed efficiency was recorded with an increase in dietary energy levels. The increase in dietary energy levels decreased the pH and increased the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in yak rumens. The increase in the mRNA abundance of VFA transporter genes (
MCT1
,
DRA
,
PAT1
, and
AE2
) in the rumen epithelium of yaks was recorded as dietary energy level increased. High relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were recorded with the increase in dietary energy levels. Significant population shifts at the genus level were recorded among the three treatments. This study provides new insights into the dietary energy-derived variations in rumen microbial community.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1664-302X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1664-302X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00625</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32670204</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Frontiers Media S.A</publisher><subject>dietary energy ; feed efficiency ; growth performance ; Microbiology ; rumen microbiota ; volatile fatty acid ; yak</subject><ispartof>Frontiers in microbiology, 2020-05, Vol.11, p.625-625</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2020 Ahmad, Yang, Zhang, Kalwar, Liang, Li, Du, Yan, Long, Han and Ding. 2020 Ahmad, Yang, Zhang, Kalwar, Liang, Li, Du, Yan, Long, Han and Ding</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5a2798a70ac8310ca5d9858f327c59d3a3085847100baf876e82d562cd2215e63</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5a2798a70ac8310ca5d9858f327c59d3a3085847100baf876e82d562cd2215e63</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326093/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326093/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,27924,27925,53791,53793</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ahmad, Anum Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jianbo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalwar, Qudratullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Zeyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Mei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Long, Ruijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Jianlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Xuezhi</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity, and Feed Efficiency of Yaks (Bos grunniens)</title><title>Frontiers in microbiology</title><description>The microbial community of the yak (
Bos grunniens
) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh Tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. A better understanding of rumen microbiota under different feeding regimes is critical for exploiting the microbiota to enhance feed efficiency and growth performance. This study explored the impact of different dietary energy levels on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and abundance of volatile fatty acid (VFA) transporter transcripts in the rumen epithelium of yaks. Fifteen healthy castrated male yaks were divided into three groups and fed with low (YL), medium (YM), and high energy (YH) levels diet having different NEg of 5.5, 6.2, and 6.9 MJ/kg, respectively. The increase in feed efficiency was recorded with an increase in dietary energy levels. The increase in dietary energy levels decreased the pH and increased the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in yak rumens. The increase in the mRNA abundance of VFA transporter genes (
MCT1
,
DRA
,
PAT1
, and
AE2
) in the rumen epithelium of yaks was recorded as dietary energy level increased. High relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were recorded with the increase in dietary energy levels. Significant population shifts at the genus level were recorded among the three treatments. This study provides new insights into the dietary energy-derived variations in rumen microbial community.</description><subject>dietary energy</subject><subject>feed efficiency</subject><subject>growth performance</subject><subject>Microbiology</subject><subject>rumen microbiota</subject><subject>volatile fatty acid</subject><subject>yak</subject><issn>1664-302X</issn><issn>1664-302X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNpVkUFv1DAQhSMEolXpnaOPRepuJ7YTJxckKFtaaRESAglO1sQZLy6JXexkxf57vLsVor7MeOb5s2ZeUbwuYSlE017Z0ZluyYHDEqDm1bPitKxruRDAvz__Lz8pzlO6h3xk1gK8LE4Er1XO5WnxZ2UtmSmxYNkHRxPGHVt5ipsdW9OWhtzw7Ms8kmc3FHOYcHLBX7JPzsTQORzysy3F5KbdJUPfZxn1LFOdceTNbg_-gb8Su3gfEtvE2ftcT29eFS8sDonOH-NZ8e1m9fX6drH-_PHu-t16YaRop0WFXLUNKkDTiBIMVn3bVI0VXJmq7QUKyFepSoAObaNqanhf1dz0nJcV1eKsuDty-4D3-iG6MY-oAzp9KIS40RgnZwbSnZBVBUJKbJRU1mBZ2p4kqZrXRqHMrLdH1sPcjdSbvI2IwxPo0453P_UmbLXKC4dWZMDFIyCG3zOlSY8uGRoG9BTmpLnkMo8tocxSOErzmlOKZP99U4Le-68P_uu9__rgv_gLPYCiPA</recordid><startdate>20200515</startdate><enddate>20200515</enddate><creator>Ahmad, Anum Ali</creator><creator>Yang, Chao</creator><creator>Zhang, Jianbo</creator><creator>Kalwar, Qudratullah</creator><creator>Liang, Zeyi</creator><creator>Li, Chen</creator><creator>Du, Mei</creator><creator>Yan, Ping</creator><creator>Long, Ruijun</creator><creator>Han, Jianlin</creator><creator>Ding, Xuezhi</creator><general>Frontiers Media S.A</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20200515</creationdate><title>Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity, and Feed Efficiency of Yaks (Bos grunniens)</title><author>Ahmad, Anum Ali ; Yang, Chao ; Zhang, Jianbo ; Kalwar, Qudratullah ; Liang, Zeyi ; Li, Chen ; Du, Mei ; Yan, Ping ; Long, Ruijun ; Han, Jianlin ; Ding, Xuezhi</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c439t-5a2798a70ac8310ca5d9858f327c59d3a3085847100baf876e82d562cd2215e63</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>dietary energy</topic><topic>feed efficiency</topic><topic>growth performance</topic><topic>Microbiology</topic><topic>rumen microbiota</topic><topic>volatile fatty acid</topic><topic>yak</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ahmad, Anum Ali</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yang, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, Jianbo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalwar, Qudratullah</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liang, Zeyi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Chen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Du, Mei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yan, Ping</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Long, Ruijun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Han, Jianlin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ding, Xuezhi</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>Frontiers in microbiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ahmad, Anum Ali</au><au>Yang, Chao</au><au>Zhang, Jianbo</au><au>Kalwar, Qudratullah</au><au>Liang, Zeyi</au><au>Li, Chen</au><au>Du, Mei</au><au>Yan, Ping</au><au>Long, Ruijun</au><au>Han, Jianlin</au><au>Ding, Xuezhi</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity, and Feed Efficiency of Yaks (Bos grunniens)</atitle><jtitle>Frontiers in microbiology</jtitle><date>2020-05-15</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>11</volume><spage>625</spage><epage>625</epage><pages>625-625</pages><issn>1664-302X</issn><eissn>1664-302X</eissn><abstract>The microbial community of the yak (
Bos grunniens
) rumen plays an important role in surviving the harsh Tibetan environment where seasonal dynamic changes in pasture cause nutrient supply imbalances, resulting in weight loss in yaks during the cold season. A better understanding of rumen microbiota under different feeding regimes is critical for exploiting the microbiota to enhance feed efficiency and growth performance. This study explored the impact of different dietary energy levels on feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, bacterial community, and abundance of volatile fatty acid (VFA) transporter transcripts in the rumen epithelium of yaks. Fifteen healthy castrated male yaks were divided into three groups and fed with low (YL), medium (YM), and high energy (YH) levels diet having different NEg of 5.5, 6.2, and 6.9 MJ/kg, respectively. The increase in feed efficiency was recorded with an increase in dietary energy levels. The increase in dietary energy levels decreased the pH and increased the concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate in yak rumens. The increase in the mRNA abundance of VFA transporter genes (
MCT1
,
DRA
,
PAT1
, and
AE2
) in the rumen epithelium of yaks was recorded as dietary energy level increased. High relative abundances of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were recorded with the increase in dietary energy levels. Significant population shifts at the genus level were recorded among the three treatments. This study provides new insights into the dietary energy-derived variations in rumen microbial community.</abstract><pub>Frontiers Media S.A</pub><pmid>32670204</pmid><doi>10.3389/fmicb.2020.00625</doi><tpages>1</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | dietary energy feed efficiency growth performance Microbiology rumen microbiota volatile fatty acid yak |
title | Effects of Dietary Energy Levels on Rumen Fermentation, Microbial Diversity, and Feed Efficiency of Yaks (Bos grunniens) |
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