Abundant Bounded and Unbounded Solitary, Periodic, Rogue-Type Wave Solutions and Analysis of Parametric Effect on the Solutions to Nonlinear Klein–Gordon Model

• Published in: Complexity (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2022, Vol.2022 (1)
• Main Authors: Hossain, Mohammad Mobarak, Abdeljabbar, Alrazi, Roshid, Harun-Or, Roshid, Md. Mamunur, Sheikh, Abu Naim
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Dynamical systems; Equilibrium; Exact solutions; Nonlinear optics; Nonlinearity; Optics; Orbits; Parameter modification; Physics; Solid state physics; Trigonometric functions; Two dimensional analysis
• ISSN: 1076-2787; 1099-0526
• DOI: 10.1155/2022/8771583

This paper exploits the modified simple equation and dynamical system schemes to integrate the Klein–Gordon (KG) model amid quadratic nonlinearity arising in nonlinear optics, quantum theories, and solid state physics. By implementing the modified simple equation (MSE) technique, we develop some disguise adaptation of analytical solutions in terms of hyperbolic, exponential, and trigonometric functions with some special parameters. We apply the dynamical system to bifurcate the model and draw distinct phase portraits on unlike parametric constraints. Following each orbit of all phase portraits, we originate bounded and unbounded solitary, periodic, and periodic rogue-type wave solutions of the KG model. These two schemes extract widespread classes of solitary, periodic, and periodic rogue-type wave solutions for the KG model jointly due to restrictions on parameters. We also analyze the effect of parameters on the obtained wave solutions and discuss why and when it changes its nature. We illustrate some dynamical features of the acquired solutions via the 3D, 2D, and contour graphics.