Fly ash properties, characterization, and applications: A review

Fly ash (FA) is the principal industrial waste byproduct from the burning of solid fuels. FA is a powdery solid that is constituted mostly of unburned carbon (UC), metal oxides (Si, Fe, Ca, and Al), and other inorganic substances. UC is an inexpensivesource of activated carbon that plays an importan...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of King Saud University. Science 2021-09, Vol.33 (6), p.101536, Article 101536
Main Authors: Alterary, Seham S., Marei, Narguess H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Coal combustion
Fly ash
Hazardous contaminants
Nano
Unburned carbon
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Fly ash (FA) is the principal industrial waste byproduct from the burning of solid fuels. FA is a powdery solid that is constituted mostly of unburned carbon (UC), metal oxides (Si, Fe, Ca, and Al), and other inorganic substances. UC is an inexpensivesource of activated carbon that plays an important role in FA adsorption capacity. Due to the broad variability in its composition, FA characterization is challenging. Accordingly, FA is categorized into class F, and class C according to the maximum and minimum % of SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SO3. X-ray diffraction, and fluorescence, and scanning microscopy with an energy dispersive spectroscopy are the common techniques employed to characterize FA. FA was used to remove hazardous contaminants, organic and inorganic chemicals, and dyes from wastewater. Furthermore, investigations revealed that FA has promising potential beneficial usage in the construction industry, particularly in cement and concrete production. FA has been added to cement in a reduced nanosize form giving good durability and minimizing concrete pores size to resist adverse environment. In this article, significant properties, characterization methods and, applications of FA were summarized.
ISSN:1018-3647
DOI:10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101536