Water temperature and disease alters bacterial diversity and cultivability from American lobster (Homarus americanus) shells

• Published in: iScience 2023-05, Vol.26 (5), p.106606-106606, Article 106606
• Main Authors: Ishaq, Suzanne L., Turner, Sarah M., Lee, Grace, Tudor, M. Scarlett, MacRae, Jean D., Hamlin, Heather, Bouchard, Deborah
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Ecology; Microbiome
• ISSN: 2589-0042; 2589-0042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106606

The American lobster, Homarus americanus, is an economically valuable and ecologically important crustacean along the North Atlantic coast of North America. Populations in southern locations have declined in recent decades due to increasing ocean temperatures and disease, and these circumstances are progressing northward. We monitored 57 adult female lobsters, healthy and shell diseased, under three seasonal temperature cycles for a year, to track shell bacterial communities using culturing and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, progression of epizootic shell disease using visual assessment, and antimicrobial activity of hemolymph. The richness of bacterial taxa present, evenness of abundance, and community similarity between lobsters was affected by water temperature at the time of sampling, water temperature over time based on seasonal temperature regimes, shell disease severity, and molt stage. Several bacteria were prevalent on healthy lobster shells but missing or less abundant on diseased shells, although some bacteria were found on all shells regardless of health status. [Display omitted] •Shell bacteria from healthy lobsters, often overlooked, were included in the study•Hotter and colder water temperatures affected shell bacterial communities•Epizootic shell disease (ESD) reduced bacterial diversity on lobster shells•ESD could be induced or exacerbated by the loss of commensal bacteria from shells Ecology; Microbiome