Cross-Tolerance and Autoimmunity as Missing Links in Abiotic and Biotic Stress Responses in Plants: A Perspective toward Secondary Metabolic Engineering

Plants employ a diversified array of defense activities when they encounter stress. Continuous activation of defense pathways that were induced by mutation or altered expression of disease resistance genes and mRNA surveillance mechanisms develop abnormal phenotypes. These plants show continuous def...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-11, Vol.22 (21), p.11945
Main Authors: Perincherry, Lakshmipriya, Stępień, Łukasz, Vasudevan, Soniya Eppurathu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Apoptosis
Autoimmunity
Autoimmunity - immunology
Barley
Biosynthesis
Cross-tolerance
Disease resistance
Disease Resistance - immunology
Droughts
Endoplasmic reticulum
Fatty acids
Gene expression
Genes
Homeostasis
Immunological tolerance
Kinases
Membranes
Metabolic Engineering
Metabolic pathways
Metabolism
Metabolites
mRNA
Mutation
Pathogens
Phenotypes
Physiology
Plants - immunology
Plants - metabolism
Polyamines
Proteins
Review
Salinity
Secondary Metabolism
Signal transduction
stress tolerance
Stress, Physiological
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Summary:Plants employ a diversified array of defense activities when they encounter stress. Continuous activation of defense pathways that were induced by mutation or altered expression of disease resistance genes and mRNA surveillance mechanisms develop abnormal phenotypes. These plants show continuous defense genes' expression, reduced growth, and also manifest tissue damage by apoptosis. These macroscopic abrasions appear even in the absence of the pathogen and can be attributed to a condition known as autoimmunity. The question is whether it is possible to develop an autoimmune mutant that does not fetch yield and growth penalty and provides enhanced protection against various biotic and abiotic stresses via secondary metabolic pathways' engineering. This review is a discussion about the common stress-fighting mechanisms, how the concept of cross-tolerance instigates propitious or protective autoimmunity, and how it can be achieved by engineering secondary metabolic pathways.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms222111945