Impact of Employing Hybrid Nanofluids as Heat Carrier Fluid on the Thermal Performance of a Borehole Heat Exchanger

In this numerical study, 4 types of hybrid nanofluid, including Ag-MgO/water, TiO2-Cu/water, Al2O3-CuO/water, and Fe3O4-multi-wall carbon nanotube/water, have been considered potential working fluid in a single U-tube borehole heat exchanger. The selected hybrid nanofluid is then analyzed by changin...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Energies (Basel) 2021-05, Vol.14 (10), p.2892
Main Authors: Javadi, Hossein, Urchueguia, Javier F., Mousavi Ajarostaghi, Seyed Soheil, Badenes, Borja
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
borehole heat exchanger
Boreholes
Computational fluid dynamics
effectiveness
Fluid flow
Foreign exchange rates
Geothermal power
Graphene
Heat conductivity
Heat exchangers
Heat transfer
hybrid nanofluid
Iron oxides
Magnesium oxide
Methods
Nanofluids
Nanoparticles
numerical modeling
Pressure
Pressure drop
Reynolds number
Silver
Simulation
Software
Thermal resistance
Titanium dioxide
Tube heat exchangers
Working fluids
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Summary:In this numerical study, 4 types of hybrid nanofluid, including Ag-MgO/water, TiO2-Cu/water, Al2O3-CuO/water, and Fe3O4-multi-wall carbon nanotube/water, have been considered potential working fluid in a single U-tube borehole heat exchanger. The selected hybrid nanofluid is then analyzed by changing the volume fraction and the Reynolds number. Based on the numerical results, Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid is chosen as the most favorable heat carrier fluid, among others, considering its superior effectiveness, minor pressure drop, and appropriate thermal resistance compared to the pure water. Moreover, it was indicated that all cases of Ag-MgO/water hybrid nanofluid at various volume fractions (from 0.05 to 0.20) and Reynolds numbers (from 3200 to 6200) could achieve better effectiveness and lower thermal resistances, but higher pressure drops compared to the corresponding cases of pure water. Nevertheless, all the evaluated hybrid nanofluids present lower coefficient of performance (COP)-improvement than unity which means that applying them as working fluid is not economically viable because of having higher pressure drop than the heat transfer enhancement.
ISSN:1996-1073
1996-1073
DOI:10.3390/en14102892