Protein Engineering of Electron Transfer Components from Electroactive Geobacter Bacteria

Electrogenic microorganisms possess unique redox biological features, being capable of transferring electrons to the cell exterior and converting highly toxic compounds into nonhazardous forms. These microorganisms have led to the development of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs), which i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antioxidants 2021-05, Vol.10 (6), p.844
Main Authors: Fernandes, Tomás M, Morgado, Leonor, Turner, David L, Salgueiro, Carlos A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
bioenergy production
Bioremediation
Cytochrome
electroactive microorganisms
Electrodes
Electron transfer
Geobacter
Heme
Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs)
Microorganisms
multiheme cytochromes
Oxidation
Protein engineering
Proteins
Review
Solvents
Spectrum analysis
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Summary:Electrogenic microorganisms possess unique redox biological features, being capable of transferring electrons to the cell exterior and converting highly toxic compounds into nonhazardous forms. These microorganisms have led to the development of Microbial Electrochemical Technologies (METs), which include applications in the fields of bioremediation and bioenergy production. The optimization of these technologies involves efforts from several different disciplines, ranging from microbiology to materials science. bacteria have served as a model for understanding the mechanisms underlying the phenomenon of extracellular electron transfer, which is highly dependent on a multitude of multiheme cytochromes (MCs). MCs are, therefore, logical targets for rational protein engineering to improve the extracellular electron transfer rates of these bacteria. However, the presence of several heme groups complicates the detailed redox characterization of MCs. In this Review, the main characteristics of electroactive bacteria, their potential to develop microbial electrochemical technologies and the main features of MCs are initially highlighted. This is followed by a detailed description of the current methodologies that assist the characterization of the functional redox networks in MCs. Finally, it is discussed how this information can be explored to design optimal -mutated strains with improved capabilities in METs.
ISSN:2076-3921
2076-3921
DOI:10.3390/antiox10060844