Lysyl Oxidase and the Tumor Microenvironment

The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of oxidases contains a group of extracellular copper-dependent enzymes that catalyze the cross-linking of collagen and elastin by oxidation, thus maintaining the rigidity and structural stability of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Aberrant expression or activation of L...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2016-12, Vol.18 (1), p.62-62
Main Authors: Wang, Tong-Hong, Hsia, Shih-Min, Shieh, Tzong-Ming
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Carcinogenesis - metabolism
Carcinogenesis - pathology
Humans
lysyl oxidase
Metastasis
microenvironment
Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase - genetics
Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase - metabolism
Review
Signal Transduction
Tumor Microenvironment
tumor progression
tumor suppressor
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Summary:The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of oxidases contains a group of extracellular copper-dependent enzymes that catalyze the cross-linking of collagen and elastin by oxidation, thus maintaining the rigidity and structural stability of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Aberrant expression or activation of LOX alters the cellular microenvironment, leading to many diseases, including atherosclerosis, tissue fibrosis, and cancer. Recently, a number of studies have shown that LOX is overexpressed in most cancers and that it is involved in the regulation of tumor progression and metastasis. In contrast, a few reports have also indicated the tumor-suppressing role of LOX. In this short review, we discuss recent research on the correlations between LOX and cancer. Further, the role of LOX in tumor microenvironment remodeling, tumorigenesis, and metastasis and the underlying mechanisms have also been elucidated.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms18010062