The role of histone post-translational modifications in cancer and cancer immunity: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Histones play crucial roles in both promoting and repressing gene expression, primarily regulated through post-translational modifications (PTMs) at specific amino acid residues. Histone PTMs, including methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation, lactylation, butyrylation, and propion...

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Published in:Frontiers in immunology 2024-11, Vol.15, p.1495221
Main Authors: Duan, Xiaohong, Xing, Zhiyao, Qiao, Lu, Qin, Shan, Zhao, Xuejing, Gong, Yanhua, Li, Xueren
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetylation
Animals
Epigenesis, Genetic
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
HDAC
Histone Code
histone PTMs
Histones - metabolism
HMTs
Humans
KDMs
methylation
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neoplasms - therapy
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
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Summary:Histones play crucial roles in both promoting and repressing gene expression, primarily regulated through post-translational modifications (PTMs) at specific amino acid residues. Histone PTMs, including methylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, phosphorylation, lactylation, butyrylation, and propionylation, act as important epigenetic markers. These modifications influence not only chromatin compaction but also gene expression. Their importance extends to the treatment and prevention of various human diseases, particularly cancer, due to their involvement in key cellular processes. Abnormal histone modifications and the enzymes responsible for these alterations often serve as critical drivers in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, and stemness. This review introduces key histone PTMs and the enzymes responsible for these modifications, examining their impact on tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Furthermore, it explores therapeutic strategies targeting histone PTMs and offers recommendations for identifying new potential therapeutic targets.
ISSN:1664-3224
1664-3224
DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2024.1495221