Free Fatty Acid Receptors (FFARs) in Adipose: Physiological Role and Therapeutic Outlook

Fatty acids (FFAs) are important biological molecules that serve as a major energy source and are key components of biological membranes. In addition, FFAs play important roles in metabolic regulation and contribute to the development and progression of metabolic disorders like diabetes. Recent stud...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-02, Vol.11 (4), p.750
Main Authors: Al Mahri, Saeed, Malik, Shuja Shafi, Al Ibrahim, Maria, Haji, Esraa, Dairi, Ghida, Mohammad, Sameer
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Adipocytes
adipogenesis
adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Body fat
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diet
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - metabolism
free fatty acid receptors
G protein-coupled receptors
Glucose
Homeostasis
Humans
Independent study
Insulin resistance
Isoforms
Ligands
Lipids
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic syndrome
Metabolites
Obesity
Palmitic acid
Propionic acid
Proteins
Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled - metabolism
Review
thermogenesis
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Fatty acids (FFAs) are important biological molecules that serve as a major energy source and are key components of biological membranes. In addition, FFAs play important roles in metabolic regulation and contribute to the development and progression of metabolic disorders like diabetes. Recent studies have shown that FFAs can act as important ligands of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the surface of cells and impact key physiological processes. Free fatty acid-activated receptors include FFAR1 (GPR40), FFAR2 (GPR43), FFAR3 (GPR41), and FFAR4 (GPR120). FFAR2 and FFAR3 are activated by short-chain fatty acids like acetate, propionate, and butyrate, whereas FFAR1 and FFAR4 are activated by medium- and long-chain fatty acids like palmitate, oleate, linoleate, and others. FFARs have attracted considerable attention over the last few years and have become attractive pharmacological targets in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Several lines of evidence point to their importance in the regulation of whole-body metabolic homeostasis including adipose metabolism. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the physiological functions of FFAR isoforms in adipose biology and explore the prospect of FFAR-based therapies to treat patients with obesity and Type 2 diabetes.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells11040750