Antibody persistence to diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, Bordetella pertussis antigens, and Haemophilus influenzae type b following primary and first booster with pentavalent versus hexavalent vaccines

• Published in: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics 2024-12, Vol.20 (1), p.2352909
• Main Authors: Wanlapakorn, Nasamon, Sarawanangkoor, Nasiri, Srimuan, Donchida, Thatsanathorn, Thaksaporn, Thongmee, Thanunrat, Poovorawan, Yong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acellular; Antibodies, Bacterial - blood; Bordetella pertussis - immunology; Child, Preschool; Diphtheria; Diphtheria - immunology; Diphtheria - prevention & control; Diphtheria Toxoid - administration & dosage; Diphtheria Toxoid - immunology; Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines - administration & dosage; Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines - immunology; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine - administration & dosage; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine - immunology; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Haemophilus Infections - immunology; Haemophilus Infections - prevention & control; Haemophilus influenzae type b; Haemophilus influenzae type b - immunology; Haemophilus Vaccines - administration & dosage; Haemophilus Vaccines - immunology; Humans; Immunization, Secondary; Infant; Male; pertussis; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - administration & dosage; Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated - immunology; tetanus; Tetanus Toxoid - administration & dosage; Tetanus Toxoid - immunology; Thailand; Vaccines, Combined - administration & dosage; Vaccines, Combined - immunology; whole cell; Whooping Cough - immunology; Whooping Cough - prevention & control
• ISSN: 2164-5515; 2164-554X; 2164-554X
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2352909

Thailand has incorporated the whole-cell (wP) pertussis vaccine into the expanded program on immunization since 1977 and has offered the acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine as an optional vaccine for infants since 2001. We followed healthy children from a clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02408926) in which children were randomly assigned to receive either pentavalent (DTwP-HB-Hib) or hexavalent (DTaP-IPV-HB-Hib) vaccines for their primary series (administered at 2, 4, and 6 months) and first booster vaccination (18 months). Both groups received Tdap-IPV as a second booster at the age of 4 y. Blood samples were collected for evaluation of antibody persistence to diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), and ( ) between 2 and 6 y of age annually, and for the immunogenicity study of Tdap-IPV at 1 month after the second booster. Antibody persistence to type b (Hib) was followed until 3 y of age. A total of 105 hexavalent-vaccinated children and 91 pentavalent-vaccinated children completed this study. Both pentavalent and hexavalent groups demonstrated increased antibody levels against DT, TT, and antigens following the second booster with Tdap-IPV. All children achieved a seroprotective concentration for anti-DT and anti-TT IgG at 1 month post booster. The hexavalent group possessed significantly higher anti-pertactin IgG (adjusted  = .023), whereas the pentavalent group possessed significantly higher anti-pertussis toxin IgG (adjusted