Recent Developments and Current Applications of Hydrogels in Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that causes disability if left untreated. The treatment of OA currently requires a proper delivery system that avoids the loss of therapeutic ingredients. Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering as a platform for carrying drugs and s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioengineering (Basel) 2022-03, Vol.9 (4), p.132
Main Authors: Zhao, Tianhao, Wei, Zhanqi, Zhu, Wei, Weng, Xisheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Analgesics
Arthritis
Biocompatibility
Bioengineering
Biomedical materials
Bone growth
Cartilage
Cartilage diseases
Cell migration
Collagen
Drug delivery
drug delivery system
Drug delivery systems
Entrapment
Extracellular matrix
Hyaluronic acid
Hydrogels
Inflammation
Joint diseases
Joints (anatomy)
Mechanical loading
Mechanical properties
Mesenchymal stem cells
mesenchymal stromal cells
Mesenchyme
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Obesity
Osteoarthritis
Pain
Polyethylene glycol
Regeneration
Regeneration (physiology)
Review
Stem cells
Steroids
Surgery
Tissue engineering
Weight control
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Summary:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that causes disability if left untreated. The treatment of OA currently requires a proper delivery system that avoids the loss of therapeutic ingredients. Hydrogels are widely used in tissue engineering as a platform for carrying drugs and stem cells, and the anatomical environment of the limited joint cavity is suitable for hydrogel therapy. This review begins with a brief introduction to OA and hydrogels and illustrates the effects, including the analgesic effects, of hydrogel viscosupplementation on OA. Then, considering recent studies of hydrogels and OA, three main aspects, including drug delivery systems, mesenchymal stem cell entrapment, and cartilage regeneration, are described. Hydrogel delivery improves drug retention in the joint cavity, making it possible to deliver some drugs that are not suitable for traditional injection; hydrogels with characteristics similar to those of the extracellular matrix facilitate cell loading, proliferation, and migration; hydrogels can promote bone regeneration, depending on their own biochemical properties or on loaded proregenerative factors. These applications are interlinked and are often researched together.
ISSN:2306-5354
2306-5354
DOI:10.3390/bioengineering9040132