A Donor Polymer with a Good Compromise between Efficiency and Sustainability for Organic Solar Cells

• Published in: Advanced energy and sustainability research 2021-11, Vol.2 (11), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Penconi, Marta, Bianchi, Gabriele, Nitti, Andrea, Savoini, Alberto, Carbonera, Chiara, Pasini, Dario, Po, Riccardo, Luzzati, Silvia
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: benzodithiophene; Chemical synthesis; Copolymers; Design factors; Design parameters; Donor materials; donor polymers; Efficiency; Energy conversion efficiency; Fullerenes; Heterojunctions; Molecular orbitals; organic photovoltaics; Photovoltaic cells; Polymerization; Polymers; Solar cells; Sustainability; ternary solar cells; terthiophene
• ISSN: 2699-9412; 2699-9412
• DOI: 10.1002/aesr.202100069

Impressive advancements in solution‐processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells have been driven to a large extent by the rational design of conjugated polymers as photoactive donors. These achievements have been obtained without paying much attention to green metrics parameters (such as E factor) and to the increasing synthetic complexity (SC), which is a bottleneck for industrial scalability. In this context, a novel donor copolymer (PBDT3T) based on benzodithiophene and terthiophene building blocks with ester functionalities is synthesized. The 26‐fold‐reduced E factor for the benzodithiophene monomer synthesis and the SC index of 24 for PBDT3T, much lower compared with benchmark donor polymers, provide a hint for good scalability, sustainability, and low costs. PBDT3T features a relatively wide optical bandgap and a deep highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), meeting the requirements for suitable donor material in both fullerene and nonfullerene‐based solar cells. PBDT3T is studied in binary and ternary blend, using PC71BM and ITIC as acceptors. The best performances are obtained in the ternary blend devices, reaching power conversion efficiency (PCE) values of 7.14%. Trade‐off considerations between PCE and SC make PBDT3T promising on an industrial perspective. A novel ester‐substituted benzodithiophene–terthiophene copolymer (PBDT3T) exhibiting a low synthetic complexity (six synthetic steps) is prepared and tested as the donor material in polymer solar cells. Devices with conventional architecture based on ternary blends with ITIC and PC71BM acceptors exhibit power conversion efficiencies of over 7%., without the use of high‐boiling‐point solvent additives.