The Role of Formyl Peptide Receptors in Permanent and Low-Grade Inflammation: Helicobacter pylori Infection as a Model

Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), belonging to the chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family. They play a key role in the innate immune system, regulating both the initiation and the resolution of the inflammatory response. FPRs w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-04, Vol.22 (7), p.3706
Main Authors: Cuomo, Paola, Papaianni, Marina, Capparelli, Rosanna, Medaglia, Chiara
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell surface
Chemical elements
Chronic Disease
Dendritic cells
Enzymes
Formyl peptide receptor-like 1
formyl peptide receptors
Formyl peptides
G protein-coupled receptors
Gastric Mucosa - metabolism
Genes
Helicobacter Infections - metabolism
Helicobacter pylori
Humans
Immune system
Infections
Inflammation
Inflammatory diseases
Inflammatory response
Innate immunity
Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Microorganisms
Mitochondria
Neutrophils
Pathogens
Pattern recognition
Peptides
Physiology
Proteins
Receptors, Formyl Peptide - metabolism
Review
Whooping cough
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Summary:Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) are cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), belonging to the chemoattractant G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) family. They play a key role in the innate immune system, regulating both the initiation and the resolution of the inflammatory response. FPRs were originally identified as receptors with high binding affinity for bacteria or mitochondria N-formylated peptides. However, they can also bind a variety of structurally different ligands. Among FPRs, formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) is the most versatile, recognizing N-formyl peptides, non-formylated peptides, and synthetic molecules. In addition, according to the ligand nature, FPRL1 can mediate either pro- or anti-inflammatory responses. Hp(2-20), a -derived, non-formylated peptide, is a potent FPRL1 agonist, participating in -induced gastric inflammation, thus contributing to the related site or not-site specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the role of FPRs in -associated chronic inflammation, which suggests this receptor as potential target to mitigate both microbial and sterile inflammatory diseases.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22073706