Understanding the Contribution of Zinc Transporters in the Function of the Early Secretory Pathway

More than one-third of newly synthesized proteins are targeted to the early secretory pathway, which is comprised of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and other intermediate compartments. The early secretory pathway plays a key role in controlling the folding, assembly, maturation, mo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2017-10, Vol.18 (10), p.2179
Main Authors: Kambe, Taiho, Matsunaga, Mayu, Takeda, Taka-Aki
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Compartments
Disruption
early secretory pathway
Efflux
Endoplasmic reticulum
ER stress
Golgi apparatus
Homeostasis
Metabolism
metallation
Proteins
Review
Secretome
tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP)
unfolded protein response (UPR)
zinc-requiring ectoenzymes
ZIP/SLC39A
ZNT/Solute carrier family 30 member (SLC30A)
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:More than one-third of newly synthesized proteins are targeted to the early secretory pathway, which is comprised of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), Golgi apparatus, and other intermediate compartments. The early secretory pathway plays a key role in controlling the folding, assembly, maturation, modification, trafficking, and degradation of such proteins. A considerable proportion of the secretome requires zinc as an essential factor for its structural and catalytic functions, and recent findings reveal that zinc plays a pivotal role in the function of the early secretory pathway. Hence, a disruption of zinc homeostasis and metabolism involving the early secretory pathway will lead to pathway dysregulation, resulting in various defects, including an exacerbation of homeostatic ER stress. The accumulated evidence indicates that specific members of the family of Zn transporters (ZNTs) and Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs), which operate in the early secretory pathway, play indispensable roles in maintaining zinc homeostasis by regulating the influx and efflux of zinc. In this review, the biological functions of these transporters are discussed, focusing on recent aspects of their roles. In particular, we discuss in depth how specific ZNT transporters are employed in the activation of zinc-requiring ectoenzymes. The means by which early secretory pathway functions are controlled by zinc, mediated by specific ZNT and ZIP transporters, are also subjects of this review.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms18102179