Typicality Assessment of Onions ( Allium cepa ) from Different Geographical Regions Based on the Volatile Signature and Chemometric Tools

Onion ( L.) is one of the main agricultural commodities produced and consumed around the world. In the present work, for the first time, the volatile signature of onions from different geographical regions of Madeira Island (Caniço, Santa Cruz, Ribeira Brava, and Porto Moniz) was tested with headspa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Foods 2020-03, Vol.9 (3), p.375
Main Authors: Fernandes, Sara, Gois, André, Mendes, Fátima, Perestrelo, Rosa, Medina, Sonia, Câmara, José S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural commodities
Agricultural management
Aldehydes
Allium cepa
Authenticity
Chromatography
Commodities
Cultivation
Food
Food science
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
geographic origin
Geography
Headspace
Lactones
Metabolites
Onions
Principal components analysis
Quality
Solid phase methods
Solid phases
solid-phase microextraction
Sulfur
Sulfur compounds
Temperature
Vegetables
volatile signature
Whiskey
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Summary:Onion ( L.) is one of the main agricultural commodities produced and consumed around the world. In the present work, for the first time, the volatile signature of onions from different geographical regions of Madeira Island (Caniço, Santa Cruz, Ribeira Brava, and Porto Moniz) was tested with headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME/GC-qMS) and chemometric tools, showing that the volatile signature was affected by the geographical region of cultivation. Sulfur compounds, furanic compounds, and aldehydes are the most dominant chemical groups. Some of the identified volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) were detected only in onions cultivated in specific regions; 17 VOMs were only identified in onions cultivated at Caniço, eight in Porto Moniz, two in Santa Cruz, two in Ribeira Brava, while 12 VOMs are common to all samples from the four regions. Moreover, some VOMs belonging to sulfur compounds (dipropyl disulfide, 3-(acetylthio)-2-methylfuran), furanic compounds (dimethylmethoxyfuranone, ethyl furanone, acetyloxy-dimethylfuranone), and lactones (whiskey lactone isomer), could be applied as potential geographical markers of onions, providing a useful tool to authenticate onions by farming regions where the influence of latitude seems to be an important factor for yielding the chemical profile and may contribute to geographical protection of food and simultaneously benefiting both consumers and farmers.
ISSN:2304-8158
2304-8158
DOI:10.3390/foods9030375