Plant Cell Wall Integrity Perturbations and Priming for Defense

A plant cell wall is a highly complex structure consisting of networks of polysaccharides, proteins, and polyphenols that dynamically change during growth and development in various tissues. The cell wall not only acts as a physical barrier but also dynamically responds to disturbances caused by bio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plants (Basel) 2022-12, Vol.11 (24), p.3539
Main Authors: Swaminathan, Sivakumar, Lionetti, Vincenzo, Zabotina, Olga A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Analysis
Barriers
cell wall integrity (CWI)
Cell walls
cell-wall-digesting enzymes (CWDEs)
cell-wall-modifying enzymes (CWMEs)
Crop production
damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs)
Disease resistance
Enzymes
Gene expression
Genetically modified organisms
Integrity
Lignin
Microorganisms
Molecular modelling
Monitoring systems
Morphology
Mutation
Parasitic diseases
Pathogens
Perturbation
Phenotypes
plant cell wall
Plant defenses
Plant immunity
Polyphenols
Polysaccharides
Priming
Proteins
Review
Saccharides
Signal transduction
Signaling
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Summary:A plant cell wall is a highly complex structure consisting of networks of polysaccharides, proteins, and polyphenols that dynamically change during growth and development in various tissues. The cell wall not only acts as a physical barrier but also dynamically responds to disturbances caused by biotic and abiotic stresses. Plants have well-established surveillance mechanisms to detect any cell wall perturbations. Specific immune signaling pathways are triggered to contrast biotic or abiotic forces, including cascades dedicated to reinforcing the cell wall structure. This review summarizes the recent developments in molecular mechanisms underlying maintenance of cell wall integrity in plant-pathogen and parasitic interactions. Subjects such as the effect of altered expression of endogenous plant cell-wall-related genes or apoplastic expression of microbial cell-wall-modifying enzymes on cell wall integrity are covered. Targeted genetic modifications as a tool to study the potential of cell wall elicitors, priming of signaling pathways, and the outcome of disease resistance phenotypes are also discussed. The prime importance of understanding the intricate details and complete picture of plant immunity emerges, ultimately to engineer new strategies to improve crop productivity and sustainability.
ISSN:2223-7747
2223-7747
DOI:10.3390/plants11243539