Characterization of skin- and intestine microbial communities in migrating High Arctic lake whitefish and cisco

At high latitudes, lake whitefish ( Coregonus clupeaformis) and others in the closely related Coregonus species complex (CSC) including cisco ( C. autumnalis and C. sardinella) can be diadromous, seasonally transitioning between freshwater lakes and the Arctic Ocean. CSC skin- and intestine microbio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Arctic science 2024-03, Vol.10 (1), p.125-139
Main Authors: Hamilton, Erin F., Juurakko, Collin L., Engel, Katja, van C. de Groot, Peter, Casselman, John M., Greer, Charles W., Neufeld, Josh D., Walker, Virginia K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquaculture
Bar codes
Community composition
Composition
Coregonus clupeaformis
Coregonus spp
diadromy
Dysbacteriosis
Environmental stress
Fish
Fisheries
Fishers
Fishing
Freshwater
Freshwater lakes
Gene sequencing
Habitat changes
Habitats
Indigenous peoples
Inland water environment
Intestine
Intestines
Inuit
Lakes
Marine fishes
Microbial activity
Microbiomes
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Nunavut
Polyculture (aquaculture)
Rivers
rRNA 16S
Salinity
Skin
Whitefish
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Summary:At high latitudes, lake whitefish ( Coregonus clupeaformis) and others in the closely related Coregonus species complex (CSC) including cisco ( C. autumnalis and C. sardinella) can be diadromous, seasonally transitioning between freshwater lakes and the Arctic Ocean. CSC skin- and intestine microbiomes were collected, facilitated by Inuit fishers at sites on and around King William Island, Nunavut, at the northern range limits of lake whitefish. Community composition was explored using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and microbiota distinctly grouped depending on fishing site salinity. Overall, lake whitefish intestine communities were more variable than those of the two cisco with higher Shannon diversity, suggesting that lake whitefish and their microbiomes could be susceptible to environmental stress possibly leading to dysbiosis. Lake whitefish showed lower condition (K) in the ocean than in freshwater rivers, whereas cisco condition was similar among distinct seasonal habitats. Taken together, the impact of changing habitats on fish condition and microbial composition may inform approaches to CSC health in fisheries and aquaculture, in addition to being relevant for northern Indigenous peoples with subsistence and economic interests in these resources.
ISSN:2368-7460
2368-7460
DOI:10.1139/as-2023-0022