A Critical Review on Pulsed Electric Field: A Novel Technology for the Extraction of Phytoconstituents

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-08, Vol.26 (16), p.4893
• Main Authors: Ranjha, Muhammad Modassar A. N., Kanwal, Rabia, Shafique, Bakhtawar, Arshad, Rai Naveed, Irfan, Shafeeqa, Kieliszek, Marek, Kowalczewski, Przemysław Łukasz, Irfan, Muhammad, Khalid, Muhammad Zubair, Roobab, Ume, Aadil, Rana Muhammad
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bioactive compounds; Biological activity; By products; Electric fields; Electrodes; Essential oils; Food industry; Food waste; green extraction techniques; Membranes; Minerals; oil extraction; Pectin; PEF; Permeability; Pharmaceutical industry; Phenols; phytochemical extraction; Polyphenols; Review; Seeds; Solvents; Vitamins; Yield
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164893

Different parts of a plant (seeds, fruits, flower, leaves, stem, and roots) contain numerous biologically active compounds called “phytoconstituents” that consist of phenolics, minerals, amino acids, and vitamins. The conventional techniques applied to extract these phytoconstituents have several drawbacks including poor performance, low yields, more solvent use, long processing time, and thermally degrading by-products. In contrast, modern and advanced extraction nonthermal technologies such as pulsed electric field (PEF) assist in easier and efficient identification, characterization, and analysis of bioactive ingredients. Other advantages of PEF include cost-efficacy, less time, and solvent consumption with improved yields. This review covers the applications of PEF to obtain bioactive components, essential oils, proteins, pectin, and other important materials from various parts of the plant. Numerous studies compiled in the current evaluation concluded PEF as the best solution to extract phytoconstituents used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. PEF-assisted extraction leads to a higher yield, utilizes less solvents and energy, and it saves a lot of time compared to traditional extraction methods. PEF extraction design should be safe and efficient enough to prevent the degradation of phytoconstituents and oils.