The Functions of TRIM56 in Antiviral Innate Immunity and Tumorigenesis

As a member of the TRIM (tripartite motif) protein family, TRIM56 can function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. In addition, TRIM56 has been shown to possess deubiquitinase activity and the ability to bind RNA. This adds to the complexity of the regulatory mechanism of TRIM56. TRIM56 was initially found t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2023-03, Vol.24 (5), p.5046
Main Authors: Fu, Lin, Zhou, Xiaotong, Jiao, Qian, Chen, Xi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antiviral agents
antivirus
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Cell cycle
Cytokines
Cytoplasm
Development and progression
Enzymes
Humans
Immune response
Immune system
Infections
innate immune response
Innate immunity
Interferon
Kinases
Ligases
Pathogens
Proteins
Review
RNA
TRIM56
Tripartite Motif Proteins - metabolism
tumor
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Ubiquitin
Ubiquitin-protein ligase
Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases - metabolism
Viral infections
Viruses
Viruses - metabolism
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Summary:As a member of the TRIM (tripartite motif) protein family, TRIM56 can function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. In addition, TRIM56 has been shown to possess deubiquitinase activity and the ability to bind RNA. This adds to the complexity of the regulatory mechanism of TRIM56. TRIM56 was initially found to be able to regulate the innate immune response. In recent years, its role in direct antiviral and tumor development has also attracted the interest of researchers, but there is no systematic review on TRIM56. Here, we first summarize the structural features and expression of TRIM56. Then, we review the functions of TRIM56 in TLR and cGAS-STING pathways of innate immune response, the mechanisms and structural specificity of TRIM56 against different types of viruses, and the dual roles of TRIM56 in tumorigenesis. Finally, we discuss the future research directions regarding TRIM56.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms24055046