Human Stem Cells for Cardiac Disease Modeling and Preclinical and Clinical Applications-Are We on the Road to Success?

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatm...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cells (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-06, Vol.12 (13), p.1727
Main Authors: Correia, Cátia D, Ferreira, Anita, Fernandes, Mónica T, Silva, Bárbara M, Esteves, Filipa, Leitão, Helena S, Bragança, José, Calado, Sofia M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Body fat
Bone marrow
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiovascular Diseases
Cell division
cell therapy
Clinical trials
Coronary artery disease
Disease
disease modeling
Drug therapy
Embryo cells
Embryonic Stem Cells
Health aspects
Heart diseases
Heart Diseases - therapy
Heart failure
human stem cells
Humans
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
iPSC
Phenotypes
Pluripotency
Pluripotent Stem Cells
Public health
Recovery of function
Regenerative medicine
Review
Somatic cells
Stem cells
Toxicity testing
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading cause of death, contributing to a significant and growing global health and economic burden. Despite advancements in clinical approaches, there is a critical need for innovative cardiovascular treatments to improve patient outcomes. Therapies based on adult stem cells (ASCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as promising strategies to regenerate damaged cardiac tissue and restore cardiac function. Moreover, the generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from somatic cells has opened new avenues for disease modeling, drug discovery, and regenerative medicine applications, with fewer ethical concerns than those associated with ESCs. Herein, we provide a state-of-the-art review on the application of human pluripotent stem cells in CVD research and clinics. We describe the types and sources of stem cells that have been tested in preclinical and clinical trials for the treatment of CVDs as well as the applications of pluripotent stem-cell-derived in vitro systems to mimic disease phenotypes. How human stem-cell-based in vitro systems can overcome the limitations of current toxicological studies is also discussed. Finally, the current state of clinical trials involving stem-cell-based approaches to treat CVDs are presented, and the strengths and weaknesses are critically discussed to assess whether researchers and clinicians are getting closer to success.
ISSN:2073-4409
2073-4409
DOI:10.3390/cells12131727