Streptococcus gordonii Supragingival Bacterium Oral Infection-Induced Periodontitis and Robust miRNA Expression Kinetics

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences 2024-06, Vol.25 (11), p.6217
• Main Authors: Aravindraja, Chairmandurai, Jeepipalli, Syam, Duncan, William D, Vekariya, Krishna Mukesh, Rahaman, Shaik O, Chan, Edward K L, Kesavalu, Lakshmyya
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alveolar Bone Loss - etiology; Alveolar Bone Loss - genetics; Alveolar Bone Loss - metabolism; Alveolar Bone Loss - microbiology; Animals; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biomarkers; Biosynthesis; Diabetes; Female; Gene expression; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation; Gingiva - metabolism; Gingiva - microbiology; Gum disease; Infections; Kinetics; machine learning; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; MicroRNA; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; miRNAs; NanoString analysis; Pathogenesis; Pathogens; periodontal disease; Periodontitis - genetics; Periodontitis - microbiology; S. gordonii; Streptococcal Infections - genetics; Streptococcal Infections - microbiology; Streptococcus gordonii - genetics; transient miRNA expression
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116217

( , Sg) is one of the early colonizing, supragingival commensal bacterium normally associated with oral health in human dental plaque. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the inflammation-mediated pathways and are involved in periodontal disease (PD) pathogenesis. PD is a polymicrobial dysbiotic immune-inflammatory disease initiated by microbes in the gingival sulcus/pockets. The objective of this study is to determine the global miRNA expression kinetics in DL1-infected C57BL/6J mice. All mice were randomly divided into four groups ( = 10 mice/group; 5 males and 5 females). Bacterial infection was performed in mice at 8 weeks and 16 weeks, mice were euthanized, and tissues harvested for analysis. We analyzed differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the mandibles of -infected mice. Gingival colonization/infection by and alveolar bone resorption (ABR) was confirmed. All the -infected mice at two specific time points showed bacterial colonization (100%) in the gingival surface, and a significant increase in mandible and maxilla ABR ( < 0.0001). miRNA profiling revealed 191 upregulated miRNAs (miR-375, miR-34b-5p) and 22 downregulated miRNAs (miR-133, miR-1224) in the mandibles of -infected mice at the 8-week mark. Conversely, at 16 weeks post-infection, 10 miRNAs (miR-1902, miR-203) were upregulated and 32 miRNAs (miR-1937c, miR-720) were downregulated. Two miRNAs, miR-210 and miR-423-5p, were commonly upregulated, and miR-2135 and miR-145 were commonly downregulated in both 8- and 16-week-infected mice mandibles. Furthermore, we employed five machine learning (ML) algorithms to assess how the number of miRNA copies correlates with infections in mice. In the ML analyses, miR-22 and miR-30c (8-week), miR-720 and miR-339-5p (16-week), and miR-720, miR-22, and miR-339-5p (combined 8- and 16-week) emerged as the most influential miRNAs.