Exploration of the Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Cassia sieberiana DC and Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh, Traditionally Used in the Treatment of Hepatitis in the Hauts-Bassins Region of Burkina Faso

• Published in: Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2023-01, Vol.16 (1), p.133
• Main Authors: Zongo, Eliasse, Busuioc, Anna, Meda, Roland Nâg-Tiero, Botezatu, Andreea Veronica, Mihaila, Maria Daniela, Mocanu, Ana-Maria, Avramescu, Sorin Marius, Koama, Benjamin Kouliga, Kam, Sami Eric, Belem, Hadidiatou, Somda, Franck Le Sage, Ouedraogo, Clarisse, Ouedraogo, Georges Anicet, Dinica, Rodica Mihaela
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acids; anti-inflammatory; Antioxidants; Cassia sieberiana; Flavonoids; Hepatitis; Herbal medicine; Inflammation; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Piliostigma thonningii; Polyphenols; R&D; Research & development
• ISSN: 1424-8247; 1424-8247
• DOI: 10.3390/ph16010133

Inflammation is the supreme biological response to illness. In the Hauts-Bassins region, in traditional medicine, all parts of and are used to treat hepatitis and inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of their aqueous extracts. High performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (HPLC-DAD) and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) analyses highlighted the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were measured by various methods such as DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), TAC (total antioxidant capacity), anti-protease, anti-lipoxygenase, and membrane stabilization. The best antioxidant activity was observed in the bark (DPPH: IC50 = 13.45 ± 0.10 µg/mL) and roots (TAC = 29.68 ± 1.48 mg AAE/g DW) of and in the roots (ABTS: IC50 = 1.83 ± 0.34 µg/mL) of . The best anti-inflammatory activity was observed in the bark (anti-lipoxygenase: IC50 = 13.04 ± 1.99 µg/mL) and leaves (anti-proteases: IC50 = 75.74 ± 1.07 µg/mL, membrane stabilization: IC50 = 48.32 ± 6.39 µg/mL) of . Total polyphenols (ABTS: r = -0.679, TAC: r = 0.960) and condensed tannins (ABTS: r = -0.702, TAC: r = 0.701) were strongly correlated with antioxidant activity. Total flavonoids (anti-proteases: r = -0.729), condensed tannins (anti-proteases: r = 0.698), and vitamin C (anti-proteases: r = -0.953) were strongly correlated with anti-inflammatory activity. Total polyphenols, flavonoids, condensed tannins, and vitamin C could contribute to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the two studied plants. These results could validate the traditional use of these plants to treat various inflammatory diseases.