Echocardiographic epicardial fat thickness and immature granulocyte are novel inflammatory predictors of acute ischemic stroke: a prospective study

• Published in: São Paulo medical journal 2022-06, Vol.140 (3), p.384-389
• Main Authors: Korkut, Mustafa, Selvi, Fatih, Bedel, Cihan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acute cerebrovascular event; Adipose Tissue - diagnostic imaging; Adipose Tissue - pathology; Echocardiographic measurement; Echocardiography; Granulocytes; Humans; Inflammation; Inflammation indicators; Ischemic Stroke; MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Ultrasonography
• ISSN: 1516-3180; 1806-9460; 1806-9460
• DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0461.R1.16082021

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the most common type of stroke. Inflammation is the primary factor in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Use of immature granulocytes (IGs) has been recommended as a new indicator of systemic inflammation. However, data on the association between echocardiographic epicardial fat tissue thickness (EFT) and IGs in patients with AIS are limited. To evaluate the association between the presences of IGs, epicardial fat tissue and AIS. Prospective study in a tertiary-care university hospital in Antalya, Turkey. Our study included 53 AIS patients and 41 healthy controls with age and gender compatibility. Blood samples and transthoracic echocardiography of all participants were compared. IG levels were significantly higher in patients with AIS than in controls (0.62 ± 0.36 versus 0.28 ± 0.02, P < 0.001). The mean EFT was 3.74 ± 0.61 mm in the control group and 6.33 ± 1.47 mm in the AIS patient group. EFT was significantly greater in AIS patients than in controls (P < 0.001). For the optimum cut-off value for IG (0.95), the area under the curve (AUC) was determined to be 0.840; sensitivity was determined to be 81.1% and specificity, 92.5%. For the optimum cut-off value for EFT (4.95 mm), the AUC was determined to be 0.953; sensitivity was determined to be 90.6% and specificity, 90%. IG and echocardiographic EFT are clinical markers that can be used to predict AIS risk.