Transient Reduction of FMD-Response and L-Arginine Accompanied by Increased Levels of E-Selectin, VCAM, and ICAM after Prolonged Strenuous Exercise

We assessed endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), levels of the NO-precursor L-arginine, and markers of endothelial inflammation before, at the finish line, and one week after the Norseman Xtreme triathlon. The race is an Ironman distance triathlon with a total elevation of 5200 m....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Sports (Basel) 2021-06, Vol.9 (6), p.86
Main Authors: Nyborg, Christoffer, Melsom, Helene Støle, Bonnevie-Svendsen, Martin, Melau, Jørgen, Seljeflot, Ingebjørg, Hisdal, Jonny
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arginine
Bioavailability
Biomarkers
Competition
E-selectin
Endothelium
Exercise
FMD
Inflammation
Intercellular adhesion molecule 1
ironman
Marathons
Physical fitness
Triathlon
Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
Veins & arteries
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Summary:We assessed endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), levels of the NO-precursor L-arginine, and markers of endothelial inflammation before, at the finish line, and one week after the Norseman Xtreme triathlon. The race is an Ironman distance triathlon with a total elevation of 5200 m. Nine male participants were included. They completed the race in 14.5 (13.4–15.3) h. FMD was significantly reduced to 3.1 (2.1–5.0)% dilatation compared to 8.7 (8.2–9.3)% dilatation before the race (p < 0.05) and was normalized one week after the race. L-arginine showed significantly reduced levels at the finish line (p < 0.05) but was normalized one week after the race. Markers of endothelial inflammation E-Selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 all showed a pattern with increased values at the finish line compared to before the race (all p < 0.05), with normalization one week after the race. In conclusion, we found acutely reduced FMD with reduced L-arginine levels and increased E-Selectin, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 immediately after the Norseman Xtreme triathlon. Our findings indicate a transient reduced endothelial function, measured by the FMD-response, after prolonged strenuous exercise that could be explained by reduced NO-precursor L-arginine levels and increased endothelial inflammation.
ISSN:2075-4663
2075-4663
DOI:10.3390/sports9060086