Transcriptomic changes induced by applications of a commercial extract of Ascophyllum nodosum on tomato plants

• Published in: Scientific reports 2022-05, Vol.12 (1), p.8042-8042, Article 8042
• Main Authors: Ali, Omar, Ramsubhag, Adesh, Daniram Benn Jr. Ramnarine, Stephen, Jayaraman, Jayaraj
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 631/337; 631/449; 631/61; Algae; Ascophyllum; Ascophyllum nodosum; Carbon fixation; Chlorophyll; Crop production; Foliar applications; Gene expression; Gene regulation; Glutathione; Humanities and Social Sciences; MAP kinase; Metabolism; multidisciplinary; Nutrient content; Phytohormones; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant growth; Plant Growth Regulators - pharmacology; Plant hormones; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Seaweeds; Signal transduction; Solanum lycopersicum - genetics; Tomatoes; Transcriptome; Transcriptomics
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11263-z

Extracts of Ascophyllum nodosum are commonly used as commercial biostimulants in crop production. To further understand the seaweed extract-induced phenomena in plants, a transcriptomic study was conducted. RNA-seq differential gene expression analysis of tomato plants treated with a commercial A. nodosum extract formulation (Stimplex) revealed the up-regulation of 635 and down-regulation of 456 genes. Ontology enrichment analysis showed three gene categories were augmented, including biological processes, cellular components, and molecular functions. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the extract had a strong influence on the expression of genes involved in carbon fixation, secondary metabolism, MAPK-signalling, plant hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism, phenylpropanoid and stilbenoid metabolism, and plant-pathogen interactions. qRT-PCR validation analysis using 15 genes established a strong correlation with the RNA sequencing results. The activities of defence enzymes were also significantly enhanced by seaweed extract treatment. Furthermore, AN-SWE treated tomato plants had significantly higher chlorophyll and growth hormone content and showed improved plant growth parameters and nutrient profiles than the control. It is postulated that seaweed extract-induced gene regulation was responsible for favourable plant responses that enabled better growth and tolerance to stress conditions. This study provides evidence at the transcriptomic level for the positive effects of foliar application of the Ascophyllum nodosum extract (Stimplex) observed in treated tomato plants.