Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Immune-Mediated Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes

Immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are characterized by ineffective marrow haemopoiesis and subsequent peripheral cytopenias. Ineffective haemopoiesis is the result of a complex marrow deregulation including genetic, epigenetic, and immune-mediated alterations in haemopoietic stem/...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical & developmental immunology 2013-01, Vol.2013 (2013), p.1-10
Main Authors: Papadaki, Helen A., Mavroudi, Irene, Kouvidi, Elisavet, Batsali, Aristea K., Pavlaki, Konstantia, Kastrinaki, Maria-Christina, Pontikoglou, Charalampos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Anemia, Aplastic - immunology
Anemia, Aplastic - metabolism
Apoptosis
Bone marrow
Bone Marrow Diseases
Cell Differentiation
Cytokines
Deregulation
Epigenetics
Gene expression
Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal - immunology
Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal - metabolism
Humans
Immunology
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - immunology
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism
Myelodysplastic Syndromes - immunology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes - metabolism
Neutropenia - immunology
Neutropenia - metabolism
Patients
Review
Stem cells
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Immune-mediated bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS) are characterized by ineffective marrow haemopoiesis and subsequent peripheral cytopenias. Ineffective haemopoiesis is the result of a complex marrow deregulation including genetic, epigenetic, and immune-mediated alterations in haemopoietic stem/progenitor cells, as well as abnormal haemopoietic-to-stromal cell interactions, with abnormal release of haemopoietic growth factors, chemokines, and inhibitors. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) and their progeny (i.e., osteoblasts, adipocytes, and reticular cells) are considered as key cellular components of the bone marrow haemopoietic niche. MSCs may interfere with haemopoietic as well as immune regulation. Evidence suggests that bone marrow MSCs may be involved in immune-mediated BMFS underlying pathophysiology, harboring either native abnormalities and/or secondary defects, caused by exposure to activated marrow components. This review summarizes previous as well as more recent information related to the biologic/functional characteristics of bone marrow MSCs in myelodysplastic syndromes, acquired aplastic anemia, and chronic idiopathic neutropenia.
ISSN:2314-8861
1740-2522
2314-7156
1740-2530
DOI:10.1155/2013/265608