Birds as reservoirs: unraveling the global spread of Gamma- and Deltacoronaviruses

Avian migration is a global phenomenon that transcends geographical boundaries. These migratory birds serve as unwitting carriers of diverse Gammacoronaviruses (γ-CoVs) and Deltacoronaviruses (δ-CoVs). While recombination events have been documented among γ-CoVs in avian species and β-CoVs in mammal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:mBio 2024-09, Vol.15 (10), p.e0232424
Main Authors: Guo, Jinyue, He, Jieheng, Liang, Zhaoping, Huang, Shujian, Wen, Feng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
coronavirus
cross-species transmission
Deltacoronaviruses
Gammacoronaviruses
Minireview
Veterinary Microbiology
waterfowl
wild birds
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Summary:Avian migration is a global phenomenon that transcends geographical boundaries. These migratory birds serve as unwitting carriers of diverse Gammacoronaviruses (γ-CoVs) and Deltacoronaviruses (δ-CoVs). While recombination events have been documented among γ-CoVs in avian species and β-CoVs in mammals, evidence for recombination between CoVs of distinct genera remains limited. This minireview examines the prevalence of CoVs in both domestic waterfowl (ducks and geese) and wild bird populations inhabiting various regions. We investigate the dissemination patterns of γ-CoVs and δ-CoVs among these populations, highlighting their shared characteristics. Furthermore, the review explores the intricate web of cross-species transmission of δ-CoVs from wild birds to mammals, with a particular focus on pigs. Understanding the distinct features of CoVs harbored by waterfowl and wild birds and their potential for cross-species transmission is crucial for preparedness and response to future CoV epidemics.
ISSN:2150-7511
2150-7511
DOI:10.1128/mbio.02324-24